How does PLM technology support knowledge transfer and translation in new product development? Transparency and boundary spanners in an international context

Sourcing from China: A Literature Review of Motivations, Outcomes, Problems, and Solutions

“…One of the most common solutions within the sample size is to develop a long-term relationship with the Chinese suppliers. The attention is on mutual understanding and relationships (Enderwick, 2009;Merminod & Rowe, 2012;Lo & Chung, 2007). High levels of trust can be generated by extensive collaboration between all parties involved (Zeng & Rossetti, 2003;Gonzalez et al, 2006;Feenstra &Hanson, 2005, andChen et al (2010, p. 240) point out that a good relationship encompasses teambuilding activities that help establishing "a good interpersonal relationship with providers and [enable] further interpersonal exchanges of knowledge".…”

“…Further solutions that were mentioned once in the sample size include implementation of supplier certifications (Roth et al, 2008), the use of common technology in China and the home country (Merminod & Rowe, 2012), customized contract manufacturing (Tung & Wan, 2013), an in-house focus on core competencies (Kumar et al, 2010;Dierks et al, 2013), an increasing level of innovation in China (Li et al, 2008), and resolving corruption by implementing a common code of conduct .…”

“…Aspects such as the creation of trust (Bygballe et al, 2012;, the exchange of information (Gonzalez et al, 2006;Li et al, 2008;Merminod & Rowe, 2012), and the establishment of personal relationships Lo & Chung, 2007) are means to ensure an efficient long-term relationship with Chinese suppliers. Learning about culture is one building block in the efforts to build such a relationship, since it contributes to bridging the differences (Roth et al, 2008;Wilkinson et al, 2005;Mosco, 2006).…”

What does PLMS (product lifecycle management systems) manage: Data or documents? Complementarity and contingency for SMEs

“…The design process also involves creating documents to develop procedures or instructions for use. Almost all information or intermediary objects needed to manage the NPD phases of product lifecycle also take the form of office files, such as minutes of meetings and organization charts [44].…”

“…These OMSs that provide PLMSs with electronic document management (EDM) functionalities dominate the offer of software vendors. Those are the partial PLMSs that are generally studied [44,[50][51][52]. These OMSs were produced by and for the complex mechanics industry (automotive and aerospace).…”