How does physical activity modulate pain?

Law, Laura Frey; Sluka, Kathleen A.

doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000792

Cited by 63 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Individual variations, including expectations and sensitization [4] caused by a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factor, influence the experience of pain [5]. There is some evidence suggesting a link between a physical inactivity and the development of chronic pain [6,7]. Several population-based studies have indicated that physical exercise may indeed reduce the risk of chronic pain [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical exercise and chronic pain in university students

et al. 2020

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Background Physical inactivity and chronic pain are both major public health concerns worldwide. Although the health benefits of regular physical exercise are well-documented, few large epidemiological studies have investigated the association between specific domains of physical exercise and chronic pain in young adults. We sought to investigate the association between frequency, intensity and duration of physical exercise, and chronic pain. Methods Data stem from the SHoT2018-study, a national health survey for higher education in Norway, in which 36,625 fulltime students aged 18-35 years completed all relevant questionnaires. Chronic pain, defined according to the International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision (ICD-11), was assessed with a newly developed hierarchical digital instrument for reporting both distribution and characteristics of pain in predefined body regions. Physical exercise was assessed using three sets of questions, measuring the number of times exercising each week, and the average intensity and the number of hours each time. Results The majority (54%) of the students reported chronic pain in at least one location, and the prevalence was especially high among women. The overall pattern was an inverse doseresponse association between exercise and chronic pain: the more frequent, harder or longer the physical exercise, the lower the risk of chronic pain. Similar findings were generally also observed for the number of pain locations: frequent exercise was associated with fewer pain locations. Adjusting for demographical, lifestyle factors and depression had little effect on the magnitude of the associations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical exercise and chronic pain in university students

et al. 2020

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“…17,47,48 Physical activity (MICT and HIIT) has been shown to be effective in regulating autonomic balance. 29 This future study would validate the hypothesis that central nervous system plasticity induced by physical training may regulate cardiovascular adaptations not only through the ANS 49 but also through endogenous pain control mechanisms, 18,30,50 helping to alleviate FM symptoms. 3,4,18,51…”

Section: Symptom Alleviation Depended On the Level Of Training Attainedmentioning

confidence: 66%

A training program for fibromyalgia management: A 5-year pilot study

et al. 2020

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We studied the effects of a specific cardio training program lasting 5 years on pain and quality of life in fibromyalgia patients. Method: An observational longitudinal pilot study was conducted in 138 fibromyalgia women. Fibromyalgia women recruited were asked to carry out three sessions per week, each lasting 45 min, of moderate-intensity continuous training (64%–75% Maximal Heart rate [HRmax]). During the first year, the patients progressively increased their training intensity. During the last 2 years, the patients were asked to associate moderate-intensity continuous training and high-intensity interval training (85%–90% HRmax). Pain on a visual analog scale, anxiety and depression state on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, impact of fibromyalgia on daily life using the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire, heart rate and sleep quality (visual analog scale) were assessed at baseline and each year for 5 years. Results: Forty-nine patients dropped out in the first year. Depending on their training status, the remaining 89 patients were retrospectively assigned to one of the three groups: Active (moderate-intensity continuous training), Semi-Active (one or two sessions, low-intensity continuous training <60% HRmax) and Passive (non-completion of training), based on their ability to comply with the program. Alleviation of all symptoms ( p < 0.0001) was observed in the Active group. Increasing exercise intensity enhanced the effects obtained with moderate-intensity continuous training. Significant change in the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire ( p < 0.0001) and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; p < 0.0001), and no significant decrease in pain were noted in the Semi-Active group. No effect of the training was observed in the Passive group. Conclusion: The study intervention associated with multidisciplinary care alleviated pain, anxiety and depression, and improved both quality of life and quality of sleep, in fibromyalgia patients.

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“…Third, people who regularly exercise can complete daily tasks with less effort, thus decreasing fatigue, and maintain muscular strength and endurance; which may ultimately reduce the likelihood of overload from daily tasks later in life [61, 62]. Moreover, regular physical activity reduce serotonin transporter expression, increases serotonin levels, and increases endogenous opioids in central inhibitory pathways; decreasing the perception of back pain [63].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable prevalence of chronic back disorders across gender, age, residence, and physical activity in Canadian adults from 2007 to 2014

et al. 2019

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Background Chronic back disorders (CBD) are a global health problem and the leading cause of years lived with disability. The present study aims to examine overall and specific trends in CBD in the Canadian population aged 18 to 65 years. Methods Data from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS), a cross-sectional study, from 2007 to 2014 (8 cycles) were used to calculate CBD prevalence across gender, age, geographical area (urban/rural and ten provinces and northern territories), and physical activity levels. CBD was defined in the CCHS as having back problems, excluding fibromyalgia and arthritis, which have lasted or are expected to last six months or more and that have been diagnosed by a health professional. Prevalence of CBD using survey weights and associated 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated yearly using balanced repeated replications technique. Trend tests were calculated using joinpoint regressions; ArcGIS software was used for mapping. Results Age-standardized CBD prevalence in 2007 and 2014 were 18.9% (95% CI = 18.4;19.5) and 17.8% (95% CI = 17.2,18.4), respectively. CBD prevalence was consistently higher in women, older age groups, rural dwellers, and people classified as inactive. Crude and age-standardized CBD prevalence decreased faster in people classified as physically active compared to those who were inactive ( p < 0.006). Although CBD slightly decreased over time, no statistically significant trends were found overall or by gender, area of residence, province or level of physical activity. The prevalence of CBD remained consistently high in the province of Nova Scotia, and consistently low in the province of Quebec over the eight CCHS cycles. Conclusion Despite prevention efforts, such as the Canadian back pain mass media campaign, CBD prevalence has remained stable between 2007 and 2014. Tailored prevention and management of CBD should consider gender, age, and geographical differences. Further longitudinal studies could elucidate the temporal relationship between potentially modifiable risk factors such as physical activity and CBD. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-019-7395-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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How does physical activity modulate pain?

Cited by 63 publications

References 15 publications

Physical exercise and chronic pain in university students

Physical exercise and chronic pain in university students

A training program for fibromyalgia management: A 5-year pilot study

Stable prevalence of chronic back disorders across gender, age, residence, and physical activity in Canadian adults from 2007 to 2014

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