How does physical activity and different models of exercise training affect oxidative parameters and memory?

Feter, Natan; Spanevello, Rosélia Maria; Soares, Mayara Sandrielly Pereira; Spohr, Luíza; Pedra, Nathália Stark; Bona, Natália Pontes; Freitas, Matheus Pintanel; Gonzales, Nicole Gomes; Ito, Luiz Guilherme Martinho Sampaio; Stefanello, Francieli Moro; Rombaldi, Aírton José

doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.12.002

Cited by 28 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…However, since no differences in this parameter between pre‐ and post‐training were found, it is not possible to conclude whether this result is due to resistance training or to other factors. It is worth to mention that, in most studies regarding exercise and behavioral tests in rodents, some parameters are determined after, but not before intervention, highlighting the need for pre‐ and post‐studies when interventions are performed. Additionally, we observed that hippocampal adult neurogenesis was not changed in the autophagy‐deficient animals after training, independently of the type and the extent of the training period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autophagy is required for performance adaptive response to resistance training and exercise‐induced adult neurogenesis

Codina-Martínez

Fernández‐García

Díez-Planelles

et al. 2019

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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Endurance training promotes exercise-induced adaptations in brain, like hippocampal adult neurogenesis and autophagy induction. However, resistance training effect on the autophagy response in the brain has not been much explored. Questions such as whether partial systemic autophagy or the length of training intervention affect this response deserve further attention. Therefore, 8-week-old male wild-type (Wt; n = 36) and systemic autophagy-deficient (atg4b −/− , KO; n = 36) mice were randomly distributed in three training groups, resistance (R), endurance (E), and control (non-trained), and in two training periods, 2 or 14 weeks. R and E maximal tests were evaluated before and after the training period. Forty-eight hours after the end of training program, cerebral cortex, striatum, hippocampus, and cerebellum were extracted for the analysis of autophagy proteins (LC3B-I, LC3B-II, and p62). Additionally, hippocampal adult neurogenesis was determined by doublecortin-positive cells count (DCX+) in brain sections. Our results show that, in contrast to Wt, KO were unable to improve R after both trainings. Autophagy levels in brain areas may be modified by E training only in cerebral cortex of Wt trained for 14 weeks, and in KO trained for 2 weeks. DCX + in Wt increased in R and E after both periods of training, with R for 14 weeks more effective than E. Interestingly, no changes in DCX + were observed in KO after 2 weeks, being even undetectable after 14 weeks of intervention. Thus, autophagy is crucial for R performance and for exercise-induced adult neurogenesis. K E Y W O R D SAtg4b, autophagy impairment, brain, endurance training, physical activity | 239 CODINA-MARTÍNEZ ET Al.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autophagy is required for performance adaptive response to resistance training and exercise‐induced adult neurogenesis

Codina-Martínez

Fernández‐García

Díez-Planelles

et al. 2019

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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“…Seizure‐induced newborn neurons in the dentate may be abnormally positioned in the hilus and contribute to enhanced excitability in hippocampal networks 38,39 . Reduced oxidative stress, 11 increased neurotrophic factor concentration, 40–42 improved synaptic plasticity, 43 and changes in brain network functional connectivity 13,15 could be some of the mechanisms induced by physical exercise in the brain that improved cognitive function in EG.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, the epileptogenic process can irreversibly damage the brain even if seizures are controlled or missing and causes persistent cognitive changes and finally global intellectual deficits 5 . Physical exercise has been associated with improvements in hippocampus volume, 6 synaptic plasticity, 7 and decreased levels of inflammation 8,9 and oxidative stress 10,11 in the brain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of combined physical training on cognitive function in people with epilepsy: Results from a randomized controlled trial

et al. 2020

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Objective: To examine the effect of 12-week exercise program on cognitive function in people with epilepsy. Methods: Twenty-one physically inactive subjects were randomized into two groups: the exercise group (EG) or the control group (CG). EG performed 12 weeks of combined physical training. CG was advised to maintain usual daily activities. EG received a structured, individually supervised exercise program with two 60-minute sessions per week. Each session included warmup (5-minutes), aerobic (15-20 minutes at 14-17 on Borg scale), strength (2-3 sets, 10-15 repetitions), and 5-minute active stretches. Sociodemographic characteristics, clinical information, memory (Digit Span Test [DST]), executive function (Trail Making Test [TMT] A and B), Stroop Color and Word Test, a verbal fluency task, global cognitive function (Montreal Cognitive Assessment [MoCA]), anthropometric measurements (weight, height, and hip and waist circumferences), cardiorespiratory fitness (maximal oxygen consumption [VO 2 max]), and strength (dynamometer) were measured at baseline and after the 12-week intervention.

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“…Regarding oxidative parameters, Feter et al [96] randomly assigned rats into a sedentary, moderate-intensity continuous training, high-intensity interval training, resistance training, or a runningwheel group. Training lasted approximately 40 days; the resistance training group engaged in climbing activities, whereas the moderate-intensity continuous training group engaged in aerobic exercise lasting 20-60 min a day.…”

Section: Other Potential Candidate Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Aerobic and Resistance Exercise Influence Episodic Memory through Unique Mechanisms?

2020

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Aerobic and resistance exercise (acute and chronic) independently and collectively induce beneficial responses in the brain that may influence memory function, including an increase in cerebral blood flow, neurogenesis, neuroelectrical alterations, and protein production. However, whether aerobic and resistance exercise improve memory via similar or distinct mechanisms has yet to be fully explained. Here, we review the unique influence of aerobic and resistance exercise on neural modulation, proteins, receptors, and ultimately, episodic memory. Resistance training may optimize neural communication, information processing and memory encoding by affecting the allocation of attentional resources. Moreover, resistance exercise can reduce inflammatory markers associated with neural communication while increasing peripheral and central BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) production. Aerobic training increases hippocampal levels of BDNF and TrkB (Tropomyosin receptor kinase B), protein kinases and glutamatergic proteins. Likewise, both aerobic and anaerobic exercise can increase CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein) phosphorylation. Thus, we suggest that aerobic and resistance exercise may influence episodic memory via similar and, potentially, distinct mechanisms.

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How does physical activity and different models of exercise training affect oxidative parameters and memory?

Cited by 28 publications

References 90 publications

Autophagy is required for performance adaptive response to resistance training and exercise‐induced adult neurogenesis

Autophagy is required for performance adaptive response to resistance training and exercise‐induced adult neurogenesis

Effect of combined physical training on cognitive function in people with epilepsy: Results from a randomized controlled trial

Does Aerobic and Resistance Exercise Influence Episodic Memory through Unique Mechanisms?

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