How does hydrofluoric acid etching affect the cyclic load-to-failure of lithium disilicate restorations?

Effect of Surface Treatment and Cement on Fracture Load of Traditional Zirconia (3Y), Translucent Zirconia (5Y), and Lithium Disilicate Crowns

“…Hydrofluoric acid etching lithium disilicate provides fine surface texture that allows close adaptation interpenetration of the resin cement (Fig ); therefore, it may also play a role in reinforcing the strength of lithium disilicate in crown fracture testing as forces can be easily transferred to the supporting die. A previous study showed that etching with 3% or 5% hydrofluoric acid improved the cyclic load‐to‐failure of lithium disilicate crowns; however, this result was not observed in the current study. Due to the advantages in bond strength observed with etching hydrofluoric acid, clinicians should continue to follow manufacturers’ recommendations for etching lithium disilicate restorations when adhesively bonding.…”

Survival assessment of fractured porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns surface roughened by sandblasted and repaired by composite resin after in vitro thermal fatigue

“…The composite resin of ceramic reinforcement in a polymer matrix is ideal for implant-supported fixed prosthesis cases because the polymer composition improves the biomechanical properties and reduces the transfer of stresses to peri-implant structures. 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 Since all PFM failures start from the inner surface of the ceramic, 14 to ensure long-term bonding of the composite resin used to the PFM repair structure, the ceramic bonding surface needs to be treated before the composite resin is applied. 14 , 15 To this end, when considering PFM repair, surface interactions are essential to achieve micro-retained surfaces with high surface energy and stable chemical bonds.…”

“… 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 Since all PFM failures start from the inner surface of the ceramic, 14 to ensure long-term bonding of the composite resin used to the PFM repair structure, the ceramic bonding surface needs to be treated before the composite resin is applied. 14 , 15 To this end, when considering PFM repair, surface interactions are essential to achieve micro-retained surfaces with high surface energy and stable chemical bonds. 16 , 17 Etching the fracture surface of ceramic restorations with hydrofluoric (HF) acid is generally recommended to enhance adhesion by increasing roughness and wettability, allowing for mechanical interlocking and chemical reactivity.…”

Two simple methods for surface modification of lithium disilicate dental blocks with hydroxyapatite

“…In another study on bone tissue formation, it was observed that HA coatings on zircon block contributed to the formation of new bone tissue [11]. It has been stated by many researchers that there will be no problems with adhesion resistance at the abutmentcrown interface with the use of hydrofluoric acid [12,13]. However, different surfaces are being studied to investigate the living cell reaction at the interface [14].…”