How Does Delayed Retirement Affect Mortality and Health?

Abstract

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Impact of later retirement on mortality: Evidence from France

“…Kuhn, Staubli, Wuellrich, & Zweimüller (2019) find that early retirement leads to an increase of the probability to die before age 67 by 2.4 percentage points among blue‐collar male workers in Austria. Zulkarnain and Rutledge (2018) find that delaying retirement reduces the probability to die within five years for men aged 62–65 in the Netherlands. Fitzpatrick and Moore (2018) find a two percent increase of the death counts for American men at the ERA—that is, at age 62—, but no effect for women.…”

The influence of late retirement on health outcomes among older adults in the policy context of delayed retirement initiative: an empirical attempt of clarifying identification bias

“…Family-based bonus pension plans were phased out in the mid-1990s. In 2009, Netherlands introduced a new policy allowing older people an annual bonus after 62 years old, according to their age, birth group, and income [ 11 ]. In Germany, one-year early retirement will result in a 3.6% reduction in pension, whereas one-year delayed retirement will lead to a 6% increase in pension [ 21 ].…”

“…Direct empirical evidence about the impact of “ late retirement” on health outcomes of older adults remains quite insufficient. For example, it is shown that early exit of the labor market can increase all-cause mortality rate by 2.4% for blue-collar workers [ 10 ], whereas the modest extension of retirement age can reduce the all-cause mortality rate of old workers [ 11 ]. In addition, it is found that late retirement reduced the risk of depression by 5.5% in men and 6.4% in women aged 62–65 [ 11 ].…”

“…For example, it is shown that early exit of the labor market can increase all-cause mortality rate by 2.4% for blue-collar workers [ 10 ], whereas the modest extension of retirement age can reduce the all-cause mortality rate of old workers [ 11 ]. In addition, it is found that late retirement reduced the risk of depression by 5.5% in men and 6.4% in women aged 62–65 [ 11 ]. About 50.8% of adults who exit labor market early can experience the decline in health conditions, such as depression, physical illness characterized with pain in lower extremities, shortness of breath, limited mobility, and leg pain when walking [ 12 ].…”

L’effet de la retraite sur la santé

“…Elle entraînerait en revanche une augmentation significative de la probabilité de décès avant 67 ans chez les hommes cols bleus (ou ouvriers) en Autriche (estimation (2)), mais pas chez les cadres (estimation (3)), ni chez les femmes (estimation (4)) [22]. Aux Pays-Bas, l'augmentation de l'âge de départ à la retraite réduirait la probabilité de décès entre 62 et 65 ans pour les hommes (Figure 3, estimation (1)) mais pas pour les femmes (estimation (2)) [23]. En France, aucun effet significatif n'est observé sur la mortalité entre 61 et 65 ans, entre 65 et 72 ans et entre 72 et 79 ans (estimations (1) à (3)) [2] et en Suède, la probabilité des femmes de mourir à 69 ans serait indépendante de l'âge auquel elles sont parties à la retraite [24].…”