How does anthropomorphism improve human-AI interaction satisfaction: a dual-path model

Modeling the determinants of HEI students’ continuance intention to use ChatGPT for learning: a stimulus–organism–response approach

“…This framework posits that environmental stimuli influence individuals' cognition, emotions, and behaviors (Zhu et al, 2019). The fundamental mechanism of the relationship within the SOR framework revolves around how stimuli impact an individual's emotions and cognitive processes, subsequently shaping their responses (Xie et al, 2023). Specifically, stimuli (S) encompass the broader concept of an individual's surroundings, serving as the driving force behind their internal emotional states; organisms (O) pertain to an individual's inner perception after encountering stimuli in a given context, just before they make actual responses; and responses (R) denote an individual's natural reactions following the perception of these stimuli (Duong, 2022).…”

“…The SOR model has been applied in various scenarios, including the field of humancomputer interaction. Previous researchers have extensively investigated the interaction between humans and computers based on this model (Xie et al, 2023). For example, Cheng et al (2022) employed the SOR model to gain essential insights into how consumers perceive and respond to text-based chatbots.…”

“…Liu and Huang (2023) also applied the SOR model to illustrate how virtual reality videos, specifically virtual tour simulations, influence users' varying levels of satisfaction. In summary, the SOR model has gained significant traction in the domain of human-computer interaction (Xie et al, 2023;Xu et al, 2020). Therefore, this study leverages the SOR model to explain the continuance usage intentions of ChatGPT for the study of students.…”

Understanding the Dynamics of Brand Love in the Automobile Industry

“…The SOR framework proposes that stimuli perceived in the environment impact the individual's cognition, emotions and behaviours [36]. The underlying mechanism of the SOR paradigm is that external stimuli influence the individual's emotions and cognitive processes, which in turn shape his/her responses [37]. Stimuli (S) encompass both internal and external surroundings and act as drivers of individuals' internal emotional states; organisms (O) are the perceptions evoked in the individual by the internal and external stimuli encountered in retail settings, just before (s)he makes a purchase; and responses (R) are the individual's reactions to the perceived stimuli [38].…”

User Satisfaction and Technology Adoption in Smart Homes: A User Experience Test

“…The purpose of this article is to investigate the complex link that exists between user happiness and the uptake of smart home technology. The degree to which users are satisfied with the hardware and software that is available is not the only factor that determines whether or not smart home technologies are adopted [7]- [9]. The combination of usability, dependability, and general quality that makes up user satisfaction is a critical determinant of technology acceptance and long-term usage [10]- [14].…”