How do we assign ourselves social status? A cross-cultural test of the cognitive averaging principle

Andersson, Matthew A.

doi:10.1016/j.ssresearch.2015.02.009

Cited by 29 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(104 reference statements)

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“…Because many older adults experience curtailed income, we used two alternative measures of time-varying SES. First, individually rated social status has been shown to reflect a wide variety of aspects of SES (Andersson, 2015; Bierman, Lee, & Schieman, 2018). Respondents were presented with a figure of a 10-rung ladder and asked to choose the “rung” that best represented their place in society.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Discrimination and Sleep Problems in Late Life: Religious Involvement as Buffer

2018

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The association between chronic discrimination and sleep problems is important to examine in older adults because sleep is highly reactive to stress and impaired sleep has diverse adverse health effects. The association between chronic discrimination and sleep problems may, however, be confounded by a number of time-stable influences, and this association may also vary by religious involvement. In three waves (2006, 2010, and 2014) of the Health and Retirement Study ( N = 7,130), the overall association between chronic discrimination and sleep problems is negated in econometric models that control for all time-stable sources of confounding. Religious involvement does not modify this association for men, but a significant association is found among women who do not attend religious services. These analyses suggest that the association between chronic discrimination and sleep quality in late life is substantially inflated due to unobserved time-stable confounders, although women who do not attend religious services may be at risk.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Discrimination and Sleep Problems in Late Life: Religious Involvement as Buffer

2018

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“…The idea, in Cantril's words, was to construct a measure of social status "anchored within an individual's own reality world" (Cantril 1965:25). Akin to other validated and widely implemented scales of subjec tive wellbeing (e.g., Scheier and Carver 1985), selfanchored striving scales measure a person's cognitive averaging of their current achievements and aspirations relative to broader sociocultural ref erents for success (Andersson 2015).…”

Section: Goal-striving Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Striving While Black: Race and the Psychophysiology of Goal Pursuit

DeAngelis

2020

J Health Soc Behav

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Population health scientists have largely overlooked anticipatory stressors and how different groups of people experience and cope with anticipatory stress. I address these gaps by examining black-white differences in the associations between an important anticipatory stressor—goal-striving stress (GSS)—and several measures of psychophysiology. Hypotheses focusing on racial differences in GSS and psychophysiology are tested using self-report and biomarker data from the Nashville Stress and Health Study (2011–2014), a cross-sectional probability survey of black and white working-age adults from Davidson County, Tennessee (n = 1,252). Compared to their white peers, blacks with higher GSS report greater self-esteem and fewer symptoms of depression and anxiety. However, increased GSS also predicts elevated levels of high-effort coping (i.e., John Henryism), neuroendocrine stress hormones, and blood pressure for blacks but not whites. I discuss the implications of these findings for scholars interested in the stress process and broader black-white health inequalities in the United States.

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“…Bourdieu’s18 notions of economic, social and cultural capital are other aspects of social position that can reflect, respectively, financial, relational and socially distinctive assets. Identity-based and rank-based perceptions of one’s own social position must also be considered,15 and, because they entail a reflective averaging of past and current statuses and future expectations15 19 20 may embody the cumulative, combined and interactive effects of multiple dimensions of social position more fully than objective indicators.…”

Section: Conceptual Foundations Of Public Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconceptualising precision public health

Olstad

McIntyre

2019

BMJ Open

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As currently conceived, precision public health is at risk of becoming precision medicine at a population level. This paper outlines a framework for precision public health that, in contrast to its current operationalisation, is consistent with public health principles because it integrates factors at all levels, while illuminating social position as a fundamental determinant of health and health inequities. We review conceptual foundations of public health, outline a proposed framework for precision public health and describe its operationalisation within research and practice. Social position shapes individuals’ unequal experiences of the social determinants of health. Thus, in our formulation, precision public health investigates how multiple dimensions of social position interact to confer health risk differently for precisely defined population subgroups according to the social contexts in which they are embedded, while considering relevant biological and behavioural factors. It leverages this information to uncover the precise and intersecting social structures that pattern health outcomes, and to identify actionable interventions within the social contexts of affected groups. We contend that studies informed by this framework offer greater potential to improve health than current conceptualisations of precision public health that do not address root causes. Moreover, expanding beyond master categories of social position and operationalising these categories in more precise ways across time and place can enrich public health research through greater attention to the heterogeneity of social positions, their causes and health effects, leading to the identification of points of intervention that are specific enough to be useful in reducing health inequities. Failure to attend to this level of particularity may mask the true nature of health risk, the causal mechanisms at play and appropriate interventions. Conceptualised thus, precision public health is a research endeavour with much to offer by way of understanding and intervening on the causes of poor health and health inequities.As currently conceived, precision public health is at risk of becoming precision medicine at a population level. This paper outlines a framework for precision public health that, in contrast to its current operationalization, is consistent with public health principles because it integrates factors at all levels, while illuminating social position as a fundamental determinant of health and health inequities. We review conceptual foundations of public health, outline a proposed framework for precision public health and describe its operationalization within research and practice. Social position shapes individuals’ unequal experiences of the social determinants of health. Thus, in our formulation, precision public health investigates how multiple dimensions of social position interact to confer health risk differently for precisely defined population subgroups according to the social contexts in which they are embedded, while considering relevant biological and behavioural factors. It leverages this information to uncover the precise and intersecting social structures that pattern health outcomes, and to identify actionable interventions within the social contexts of affected groups. We contend that studies informed by this framework offer greater potential to improve health than current conceptualizations of precision public health that do not address root causes. Moreover, expanding beyond master categories of social position and operationalizing these categories in more precise ways across time and place can enrich public health research through greater attention to the heterogeneity of social positions, their causes and health effects, leading to identification of points of intervention that are specific enough to be useful in reducing health inequities. Failure to attend to this level of particularity may mask the true nature of health risk, the causal mechanisms at play and appropriate interventions. Conceptualized thus, precision public health is a research endeavour with much to offer by way of understanding and intervening on the causes of poor health and health inequities.

show abstract

How do we assign ourselves social status? A cross-cultural test of the cognitive averaging principle

Cited by 29 publications

References 60 publications

Chronic Discrimination and Sleep Problems in Late Life: Religious Involvement as Buffer

Chronic Discrimination and Sleep Problems in Late Life: Religious Involvement as Buffer

Striving While Black: Race and the Psychophysiology of Goal Pursuit

Reconceptualising precision public health

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