How Do U.S. Students Perceive Trans Persons?

Carroll, Lynne; Güss, Dominik; Hutchinson, Kimberly S.; Gauler, Andy A.

doi:10.1007/s11199-012-0193-8

Cited by 40 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Because all participant demographic variables (i.e., gender, age, sexuality, and race) did not significantly impact results (all p s > .22), they are not discussed further. Of note, across experiments, we did not find that participant gender impacted reactions to transgender targets; these results offer a counterpoint to some previous literature suggesting that men may express higher levels of GIB than women (e.g., Carroll et al, ; Hill & Willoughby, ; Klein et al, 2000, Tebbe & Moradi, ), but is consistent with other work finding no participant gender differences (e.g., Case & Stewart, ).…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 82%

“…That is, transgender men and women appeared to encounter similar levels of workplace GIB. These results expand upon prior experiments which did not manipulate transgender target's presented sex (e.g., Weiner & Zinner, ) or did not report these results (e.g., Make the Road New York, ), and stand in contrast with at least one experiment, which suggested that transgender men incurred more negative reactions than transgender women (Carroll et al, ). We also did not find target presented sex differences in the cisgender condition, in contrast to a large body of evidence revealing gender bias privileging cisgender men over cisgender women (see Eagly & Karau, ; Rudman & Phelan, ).…”

Section: Limitations and Future Directionssupporting

confidence: 71%

“…And yet, we are aware of only five total experiments that have manipulated target gender identity in order to isolate it as the cause of bias against transgender individuals (each reviewed below; Carroll, Güss, Hutchinson, & Gauler, 2012; Make the Road New York, 2010; Rainey, Imse, & Pomerantz, 2015;Reed, Franks, & Scherr, 2015;Weiner & Zinner, 2015), and only three of these focus on a workplace context (Make the Road New York, 2010; Rainey et al, 2015;Reed et al, 2015). The data from these experiments suggest that transgender targets indeed encounter more negative reactions than identical cisgender targets.…”

Section: Previous Research On Gibmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reducing gender identity bias through imagined intergroup contact

Moss‐Racusin

Rabasco

2018

J Applied Social Pyschol

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Transgender individuals face high levels of stereotyping, prejudice, discrimination, and violence. However, there is a paucity of research (particularly experimental work) investigating the magnitude of gender identity bias (GIB) targeting transgender individuals, as well as interventions designed to ameliorate it. To address this gap, we conducted experimental investigations of reactions to identical, highly qualified men or women job applicants described as either transgender or cisgender (Experiments 1a, 1b), and tested the efficacy of an imagined intergroup contact (IIC) intervention (relative to a control condition) in ameliorating GIB against transgender women (Experiment 2). As expected, all applicants were perceived as equally highly competent, adding to the literature suggesting that clearly demonstrating excellent qualifications can prevent biased judgments of candidate competence. However, revealing GIB, transgender men and women were rated as less likeable and hirable than the identical cisgender applicants, despite the fact that they were viewed as equally competent (Experiments 1a, 1b). Providing additional evidence of GIB, in the absence of IIC, participants rated a transgender female applicant as less likeable and hirable than the identical cisgender applicant, and also reported less self‐other overlap and perspective taking for the transgender applicant (Experiment 2). However, these target gender identity differences were reduced (for likeability) or fully eliminated (for the remaining outcomes) in the IIC condition. Put another way, while reactions to the cisgender applicant were unaffected by intervention condition, IIC elevated perceptions of the transgender applicant, suggesting that it may function as an effective GIB intervention.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Limitations and Future Directionssupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Previous Research On Gibmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reducing gender identity bias through imagined intergroup contact

Moss‐Racusin

Rabasco

2018

J Applied Social Pyschol

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“…Previous work consistently found that males were significantly more transphobic than females [7,10,18,20,27,34,35,37,42,43,52,53,56,58], and that male violations from societal gender norms evoke stronger negative reactions than female violations [38,39,49,58]. Baiocco et al [3] observed that females were reported to have a higher percentage of cross-gender best friends than males.…”

Section: Transphobia In Malesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Which Gender is More Concerned About Transgender Women in Female Bathrooms?

Stones

2016

Gend. Issues

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We enumerate 1035 user comments from 190 online articles to gauge public opinion about safety and privacy when transgender women use female bathrooms. In these comments, we find that cisgender males are around 1.559 as likely to express concern about safety and privacy as cisgender females. Moreover, we find that when expressing concern (a) cisgender females are around 49 as likely as cisgender males to assert that transgender women do not directly cause their safety and privacy concerns, typically emphasizing their concerns are about 'perverts' posing as transgender females, and (b) cisgender males are around 1.59 as likely as cisgender females to assert that transgender females directly cause their safety and privacy concerns. We theorize that the heightened concern seen in males in these comments stems from them being more likely to view transgender females not as females, but as males who are lying or mistaken about their gender, and consequently they view themselves as protecting females from these males intruding into private, female-only spaces. This may be further exacerbated by a fear of deception and a belief that transgender people are mentally ill or 'sick'.

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“…More recently, the focus has turned to other groups such as the transgendered. There are now many scales measuring such attitudes about different LGBTQ populations (Carroll et al 2012). Many of these scales are cited in the papers in this issue (e.g., Norton and Herek 2012).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Publication of Research in Sex Roles on Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer (LGBTQ) Issues

Frieze

Dittrich

2013

Sex Roles

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In 2009, Michael Parent, one of the co-editors of this special issue, organized a symposium at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association on Publishing LGBT Research. We presented data at that session about how Sex Roles had treated this general issue from our initial publication in 1975 through 2008. We present some of this information here, and have expanded our analysis to include publications in 2009 through 2012. As our mission statement now reads:Sex Roles: A Journal of Research is an interdisciplinary behavioral science journal offering a feminist perspective. It publishes original research reports and review articles that illuminate the underlying processes and consequences of gender role socialization, gendered perceptions and behaviors, and gender stereotypes. The range of topics is broad, extending to gender issues in employment and work environments; interpersonal relationships; sexual orientation and identity; body image; violence against women, or intimate partners; gender role socialization; the influences of media, schools, peers and community on stereotypes; the acquisition, maintenance, and impact of stereotypes; the cultural, economic, legal and political effects of contemporary social change; or methodological issues in gender research. All papers consider the possibility of study participant gender differences in the initial statement of hypotheses and the analysis of data.Although this has changed over the last 38 years, these general ideas have always been part of our mission.Probably the biggest change in the journal over its history has been the increase in published pages. Sex Roles was initially a quarterly journal with four issues a year. In 1977, it was published 6 times a year. In 1981, it was published monthly. In 2012, we published a total of 1,524 journal pages. This included 86 regular journal articles, 19 Feminist Forum articles, 10 articles in special issues, and 32 book and media reviews. Thus, we are a high volume journal. We received a total of 642 new submissions in 2012, as well as 486 revised submissions. This includes all original research reports, Feminist Forum papers (reviews of empirical literature arguing for a particular point of view), special issue articles, and book and media reviews. We received manuscripts last year from 46 different countries. The current acceptance rate is 14 % and the rejection rate is 86 %.In order to examine the publication of papers relating to LGBTQ issues in Sex Roles, in 2009 we conducted a Google Scholar search using search terms of homosexual, gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender, transsexual, and queer. We then checked to make sure each of the resulting articles did address these topics. Google Scholar returned all articles published in Sex Roles containing any of the above search terms, and we omitted some of the articles which used these terms only in the reference list. We also omitted articles where the only use of the word "gay" was a surname in a citation with no other search terms found.The first paper we i...

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How Do U.S. Students Perceive Trans Persons?

Cited by 40 publications

References 61 publications

Reducing gender identity bias through imagined intergroup contact

Reducing gender identity bias through imagined intergroup contact

Which Gender is More Concerned About Transgender Women in Female Bathrooms?

Publication of Research in Sex Roles on Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer (LGBTQ) Issues

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