How do the micropores of carbon xerogels influence their electrochemical behavior as anodes for lithium-ion batteries?

Piedboeuf, Marie-Laure; Léonard, A.; Reichenauer, Gudrun; Balzer, Christian; Job, Nathalie

doi:10.1016/j.micromeso.2018.08.029

Cited by 24 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Details on composite recovery and characterization are given in [36]. As expected, and in agreement with our previous results, the use of xanthan gum as a binder does not modify the pore texture of the material after being processed as an electrode.…”

Section: Gas Adsorptionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…%) and xanthan gum (Sigma-Aldrich, binder, 12 wt. %) were mixed in ultra-pure water to form a homogeneous slurry [36]. This ink was then sprayed manually (Harder & Steenbeck Evolution Silverline 2) on pre-weighed stainless steel disks (diameter 15.5 mm, MTI corporation, Stainless steel 304, thickness 0.5 mm).…”

Section: Preparation and Characterization Of Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding the Influence of Surface Oxygen Groups on the Electrochemical Behavior of Porous Carbons as Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Piedboeuf

Job

Aqil

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The present study elucidates the role of surface oxygen functional groups on the electrochemical behavior of porous carbons when used as anodes for Li-ion batteries. To achieve this objective, a carbon xerogel (CX) obtained by pyrolysis of a resorcinol-formaldehyde gel was modified by different post-synthesis treatments in order to modulate its surface chemistry while maintaining its external surface constant. Various surface modifications were obtained by oxidation in air, insitu polymerization of dopamine and, finally, by grafting of a polyethylene oxide layer on the polydopamine coating. While oxidation in air did not affect the pore texture of the CX, modifications by coating techniques substantially decreased the micropore fraction. Detailed electrochemical characterizations of the materials processed as electrodes were performed by capacitance measurements and galvanostatic cycling. Surface chemistry results, by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, show that the accessibility and the capacity increase when carbonyl (R-C=O) groups are formed on the CX, but not with oxides and hydroxyls. The amount of surface carbonyls, and in particular aldehyde (O=CH) groups, is found as the key parameter since it is directly correlated with the modified CX electrochemical behavior. Overall, the explored surface coatings tend to reduce the micropore volume and add mainly hydroxyl functional groups but hardly change the Li + insertion/de-insertion capacities, while oxidation in air adds carbonyl groups, increasing the Li + ions storage capacity thanks to an improved accessibility to the carbon network, which is not caused by any textural change.

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Section: Gas Adsorptionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Preparation and Characterization Of Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Influence of Surface Oxygen Groups on the Electrochemical Behavior of Porous Carbons as Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Piedboeuf

Job

Aqil

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…160 mAh g −1 ). This is a remarkable result as normally carbon materials with a develop porosity store high capacitances at low C-rates [53,54] but they are unable to retain such a high values when the working conditions become more severe, reaching a loss of capacitance of a 42% when the C-rate goes from 0.1C to 1C [54].…”

Section: Electrochemical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphitized Carbon Xerogels for Lithium-Ion Batteries

et al. 2019

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Carbon xerogels with different macropore sizes and degrees of graphitization were evaluated as electrodes in lithium-ion batteries. It was found that pore structure of the xerogels has a marked effect on the degree of graphitization of the final carbons. Moreover, the incorporation of graphene oxide to the polymeric structure of the carbon xerogels also leads to a change in their carbonaceous structure and to a remarkable increase in the graphitic phase of the samples studied. The sample with the highest degree of graphitization (i.e., hybrid graphene-carbon xerogel) displayed the highest capacity and stability over 100 cycles, with values even higher than those of the commercial graphite SLP50 used as reference.

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“…Unfortunately, many authors/papers do not take into consideration the above listed requirements, and make claims about good anodic properties of carbons based only on the reversible capacity, while ignoring the first cycle coulombic efficiency and the amplitude of potential increase during the oxidation step. First cycle reversible capacity values comparable to graphite, or even higher, can be easily found in the literature for porous carbons [56][57][58], with "record" values as high as ca. 1000 to 1250 mAh g -1 [59][60][61][62].…”

Section: What Are Carbon Requirements For Metal-ion Batteries?mentioning

confidence: 84%

“…However, as these materials display a very high specific surface area (S BET up to 2400 m 2 g -1 ), the first cycle irreversible capacity reaches very high values ranging from ca. 900 mAh g -1 up to even 2590 mAh g -1 [56]. This means that, when applied in a full cell, a huge amount of cathodic material should be consumed to form the S.E.I., causing an enormous dead mass in the battery.…”

Section: What Are Carbon Requirements For Metal-ion Batteries?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Engaging nanoporous carbons in “beyond adsorption” applications: Characterization, challenges and performance

Ania

Armstrong²,

Bandosz

et al. 2020

Carbon

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This paper addresses the challenges of explaining the behavior of porous carbons in cutting-edge applications related to energy storage, catalysis, photocatalysis, and advanced separation based on reactive adsorption. It is a summary of the outcomes of the extensive discussion which took place during the workshop "Beyond Adsorption-II: new perspectives and challenges for nanoporous carbons," organized as a satellite event to the International Carbon Conference on July 20 th 2019 in New York. It is not our intention to provide a tutorial on the applications, characterization or performance testing of porous carbons; we would rather like to focus on the controversy of the results and phenomena, on the explanation of findings, and on raising concerns to the growing carbon-researching scientific community about the importance of understanding the features of nanoporous carbons by choosing an appropriate characterization 2 technique that will bring meaningful information. We want to emphasize that nanoporous carbons have unique features ensuring them making a marked advance in science and technology. Even though recent studies have shown their potential in various emerging applications, the origin of such performance is not yet well understood. Thus, scientists are encouraged to focus on a precise characterization of porous carbons using a set of complementary techniques for triggering future technological developments.

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How do the micropores of carbon xerogels influence their electrochemical behavior as anodes for lithium-ion batteries?

Cited by 24 publications

References 22 publications

Understanding the Influence of Surface Oxygen Groups on the Electrochemical Behavior of Porous Carbons as Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Understanding the Influence of Surface Oxygen Groups on the Electrochemical Behavior of Porous Carbons as Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Graphitized Carbon Xerogels for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Engaging nanoporous carbons in “beyond adsorption” applications: Characterization, challenges and performance

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