How Do Previous Mental Health, Social Support, and Stressful Life Events Contribute to Postnatal Depression in a Representative Sample of Australian Women?

Abstract

While previous mental health problems and a history of stressful life events were found to be significant risk factors for PND, the results of this study show that women with PND are also lacking some aspects of social support around the time of the birth of their children. Implications for treatment and policy are discussed.

Social Support, Postpartum Depression, and Professional Assistance: A Survey of Mothers in the Midwestern United States

“…The authors reported that depressive symptoms were common among adolescent mothers, but that higher social support scores had a strong inverse association with depressive symptoms. Similar findings were reported by Chojenta et al (2012) in a longitudinal study in Australia (N 5 14,247). The authors collected data on women before, during, and after pregnancy to identify predictors of postnatal depression.…”

“…Outcome variables included demographics, a previous mental health diagnosis, number of life events, and a measure of functional support. The findings revealed that lower affectionate support and lower positive social interaction were related to a higher likelihood of postnatal depression (Chojenta et al, 2012). Alternatively, Leahy-Warren et al (2011) showed no protective relationship between social support and PPD.…”

“…Social support has been described as a three-dimensional construct consisting of emotional support (concern, comfort, and encouragement); instrumental support (money, time, and tangible assistance); and informational support where advice, education, and knowledge sharing takes place (Boothe, Brouwer, Carter-Edwards, & Østbye;2011;Chojenta, Loxton, & Lucke, 2012;Evans, Donelle, & Hume-Loveland, 2012;Leahy-Warren, McCarthy, & Corcoran, 2011). Xie, He, Koszycki, Walker, and Wen (2009) describe social support as subjective, objective, and support availability.…”

Cross-Cultural Approach of Postpartum Depression: Manifestation, Practices Applied, Risk Factors and Therapeutic Interventions

“…The most common of these factors include a family or personal history of depression before pregnancy, low income, poor social support, poor intrafamilial relationships, low selfesteem, stress to care for the child, unwanted or unplanned pregnancy and recent stressful life events in a woman's life [5,7,[21][22][23][24][25][26].…”

An Examination of the Possibility of Loving-Kindness and Compassion Meditation for Pregnant Women: A Preliminary Study

“…임부가 느끼는 스트레스는 어느 정도까지는 생존과 안녕 에 필요한 동력으로 작용하지만 (Selye, 1956), 과도할 경우 자신과 태아 모두의 건강에 악영향을 미치고 심리적으로도 임부의 불안과 우울의 위험을 증가시킬 수 있다 (Kwon JH, 1996;Kim JW et al, 2004;Kwon MK et al, 2011;Chojenta et al, 2012). Staneva et al(2015)은 임신기간 중 스트레스, 불안, 우울이 임부와 태아에게 단기간뿐만 아 니라 장기간에 걸쳐 부정적인 영향을 끼친다고 말한다.…”