How do policy advisors and practitioners prioritise the protection of children from secondhand smoke exposure in a country with advanced tobacco control policy?: Table 1

Ritchie, Deborah; Amos, Amanda; Shaw, April; O’Donnell, Rachel; Semple, Sean; Turner, Steve; Martín, Claudia

doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2012-050936

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…Children’s exposures to tobacco smoke and other contaminants that occur in multi-unit apartment buildings also pose particular challenges to control outside of established smoke-free policies in the United States [41]. The smoking rates, smoking cultures and strength in smoking policies vary across countries and even localities, therefore continued interventions are needed to protect children, including parental education, taxations, smart strategies for smoke-free policies for the home, school-based educational programs, and improved indoor ventilation [42]. Although electronic cigarettes may be a healthier alternative to cigarettes in terms of absence of carcinogenic combustion by-products, many researchers are still concerned with its use as a gateway drug, and adverse health outcome in terms of propylene glycol content, other chemical content, voltage risks, accidental poisoning from cartridges, and any existing side effects of nicotine [43].…”

Section: Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Field on Children’s Exposure to Environmental Contaminants: A Risk Assessment Approach

Ferguson

Penney

Solo‐Gabriele

2017

IJERPH

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Background: Children must be recognized as a sensitive population based on having biological systems and organs in various stages of development. The processes of absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination of environmental contaminants within a child’s body are considered less advanced than those of adults, making them more susceptible to disease outcomes following even small doses. Children’s unique activities of crawling and practicing increased hand-to-mouth ingestion also make them vulnerable to greater exposures by certain contaminants within specific environments. Approach: There is a need to review the field of children’s environmental exposures in order to understand trends and identify gaps in research, which may lead to better protection of this vulnerable and sensitive population. Therefore, explored here are previously published contemporary works in the broad area of children’s environmental exposures and potential impact on health from around the world. A discussion of children’s exposure to environmental contaminants is best organized under the last four steps of a risk assessment approach: hazard identification, dose-response assessment, exposure assessment (including children’s activity patterns) and risk characterization. We first consider the many exposure hazards that exist in the indoor and outdoor environments, and emerging contaminants of concern that may help guide the risk assessment process in identifying focus areas for children. A section on special diseases of concern is also included. Conclusions: The field of children’s exposures to environmental contaminants is broad. Although there are some well-studied areas offering much insight into children exposures, research is still needed to further our understanding of exposures to newer compounds, growing disease trends and the role of gene-environment interactions that modify adverse health outcomes. It is clear that behaviors of adults and children play a role in reducing or increasing a child’s exposure, where strategies to better communicate and implement risk modifying behaviors are needed, and can be more effective than implementing changes in the physical environment.

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Section: Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Field on Children’s Exposure to Environmental Contaminants: A Risk Assessment Approach

Ferguson

Penney

Solo‐Gabriele

2017

IJERPH

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“…This has been shown to be successful in reducing concentrations of SHS in many settings [4–5] and to have consequent public health benefits [6–7]. However much less effort has been expended on reducing exposure to SHS in homes, and there is some evidence that practitioners and policymakers feel that the ‘SHS problem’ has been addressed and solved [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing progress in protecting non-smokers from secondhand smoke

et al. 2018

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Scotland has witnessed a dramatic reduction in SHS exposure in the past two decades, but there are still nearly one in five non-smoking adults who have measurable exposure to SHS on any given day. Tobacco control strategies globally should consider the use of both the proportion of non-smoking adults with undetectable salivary cotinine and the GM as targets to encourage policies that achieve a smoke-free future.

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Association between secondhand smoke exposure across the life course and depressive symptoms among Chinese older adults

Yang,

Sun

et al. 2024

Journal of Affective Disorders

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How do policy advisors and practitioners prioritise the protection of children from secondhand smoke exposure in a country with advanced tobacco control policy?: Table 1

Cited by 5 publications

References 18 publications

A Review of the Field on Children’s Exposure to Environmental Contaminants: A Risk Assessment Approach

A Review of the Field on Children’s Exposure to Environmental Contaminants: A Risk Assessment Approach

Assessing progress in protecting non-smokers from secondhand smoke

Association between secondhand smoke exposure across the life course and depressive symptoms among Chinese older adults

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