How do oncologists deal with incidental abnormalities on whole‐body fluorine‐18 fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT?

Abstract

Although methane sulfonate compounds are widely used for the protein modification for their selectivity of thiol groups in proteins, their intracellular signaling events have not yet been clearly documented. This study demonstrated the methane sulfonate chemical 1,4‐butanediyl‐bismethanethiosulfonate (BMTS)‐induced cascades of signals that ultimately led to apoptosis of Jurkat cells. BMTS induced apoptosis through fragmentation of DNA, activation of caspase‐9 and caspase‐3, and downregulation of Bcl‐2 protein with reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential. Moreover, BMTS intensely and transiently induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and ROS produced by BMTS was mediated through mitochondria. We also found that a reducing agent dithiothreitol (DTT) and an anti‐oxidant N‐acetyl cysteine (NAC) inhibited BMTS‐mediated caspase‐9 and ‐3 activation, ROS production and induction of Annexin V/propidium iodide double positive cells, suggesting the involvement of ROS in the apoptosis process. Therefore, this study further extends our understanding on the basic mechanism of redox‐linked apoptosis induced by sulfhydryl‐reactive chemicals. J. Cell. Biochem. 108: 1059–1065, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

Ability of 18-fludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT to detect incidental cancer

“…[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Table 1 summarizes the findings of these reports. The rate of detected incidental foci ranges from 3.0% to 12.3%.…”

Unexpected Second Primary Malignancies Detected by F-18 FDG PET/CT During Follow-up for Primary Malignancy: Two Case Reports

“…There have been some reports of second primary malignancies detected on the F-18 FDG PET/CT scans. However, those were limited to solid tumors [16][17][18][19]. Hematologic malignancy is difficult to detect with conventional CT images because it is a systemic disease that can present without definite anatomical change.…”

“…The role of 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron (F-18 FDG) emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has expanded extensively in oncology because of excellent sensitivity and specificity [1][2][3]. As a result, incidental detection of unexpected second primary malignancies not found by conventional imaging modalities has also increased.…”

Time and Again, Children Resemble Their Parents

“…And, in the situation where most PET studies are now performed on PET/CT, does the anatomic correlation indicate a possible causality? When experienced PET readers apply such filters to their interpretation of PET, there is evidence that nonmalignant focal 18 F-FDG accumulations can generally be recognized as such (19). In cases where the answers to the above questions still leave the reporting physician in doubt, delayed imaging encompassing both the primary and the remote sites and calculation of their relative RIs may provide a further clue to the likelihood of malignancy.…”