How do Former Inmates Perform in the Community? A Survival Analysis of Rearrests, Reconvictions, and Technical Parole Violations

Ostermann, Michael

doi:10.1177/0011128710396425

Cited by 43 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Black males represent the modal category of race and gender combinations across many state-level corrections systems, as well as the United States as a whole (Carson, 2014). From a national perspective, Black males currently represent approximately 36% of the total prison population compared with 30% and 22% representations for their White and Hispanic male counterparts, respectively (Carson & Golinelli, 2013), and within our specific research setting, Black males represent approximately 55% of annual release cohorts (Ostermann, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Validity of the Level of Service Inventory–Revised at the Intersection of Race and Gender

Ostermann

Salerno

2016

The Prison Journal

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Although the Level of Service Inventory-Revised (LSI-R) has been validated across genders and races, few studies have investigated the validity of the instrument for different combinations of races and genders. Using data from a sample of offenders in New Jersey (N = 9,454), we measure the LSI-R's validity in predicting recidivism within 1 year of prison release. Our findings indicate that the LSI-R is a valid predictor of recidivism across different race and gender combinations; however, the instrument performs poorly at distinguishing recidivists from non-recidivists and exhibits the lowest discriminant capacity for Black males. Policy implications are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Validity of the Level of Service Inventory–Revised at the Intersection of Race and Gender

Ostermann

Salerno

2016

The Prison Journal

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“…Case 3 successfully completes the terms and conditions of parole supervision without incident and is rearrested after the parole term expiration. This case is considered a failure within the extant literature, and in studies that compare reoffense patterns between parolees and those who are unconditionally released from prison, this failure is attributed to the parole group (e.g., Flanagan, 1982;Jackson, 1983;Ostermann, 2011b). This attribution, however, does not coincide with how parole functions in real world settings.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Are “Parole Failures” Parolees When They Fail? Incorporating Supervision Terms and the Timing of Arrest Events into Parolee Recidivism Rates

Ostermann

Miller

Matejkowski

2013

Justice Research and Policy

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Many studies have found that parolees experience high rates of recidivism after they are released to their communities. However, it is not clear whether these failures occur during the course of supervision or after the completion of the parole term. This study uses data from prison releases in a large Northeastern state from 2005 to 2007 (n = 28,869) and a three-year follow-up period to describe the timing of rearrest events as they relate to the term of active parole supervision. The findings indicate that about 63% of unconditional releases and 54% of parolees are rearrested within three years of their release. But approximately 55% of arrested parolees were rearrested after the completion of their supervision term. Parolees who were rearrested after parole completion differed significantly from those who were rearrested during the course of their supervision on several pertinent predictors of recidivism, including age, gender, ethnicity, instant offense type, and criminal history. Cox regression models indicate that when only arrests for parolees during the course of their supervision are considered, the impact of parole is associated with an approximate 22 percentage point decrease in the hazard rate when compared to a method that includes arrests that occur after the culmination of the supervision term. Our discussion presents the implications of different definitions of parolee failure for measuring recidivism rates as well as for criminal justice policy.

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“…In assessing the performance of correctional services, a key indicator for prison administrators, management, and researchers is parolee rates of recidivism, typically referring to a return to crime or prison (1). The literature on desistance from crime and the post-release trajectory of prisoners has blossomed in many countries (2–8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Women Offenders Under Community Supervision: Comparing the Profiles of Returners and Non-Returners to Federal Prison

McKendy

Ricciardelli

2019

Front. Psychiatry

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As a key indicator of correctional performance, returns to custody are a topic of much empirical inquiry, yet there remains considerable debate regarding questions around who returns and why, as well as the factors that support or impede successful post-release outcomes. Research examining the post-release trajectories of federal releasees in the Canadian context, particularly in the case of women, is necessary to identify opportunities for more responsive case management practices. Drawing on the case files of 43 formerly-federally-incarcerated women referred to a day reporting centre in a large Canadian city, we explore the profiles of women who returned to federal custody from those who did not, considering factors related to demographics, personal history, specifically mental health and mental health needs, static risk and dynamic need. In general, we found that those who returned to custody tended to have more needs and more complex needs relative to non-returners. Notable differences were evident in relation to criminal history, reintegration potential, dynamic factor needs, the presence of a mental health condition, the presence of substance addiction and institutional adjustment (as measured by institutional charges and segregation placements). While not attempting to present causal relationships, we shed light on the case management needs of this particular group and identify areas in need of further inquiry.

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How do Former Inmates Perform in the Community? A Survival Analysis of Rearrests, Reconvictions, and Technical Parole Violations

Cited by 43 publications

References 22 publications

The Validity of the Level of Service Inventory–Revised at the Intersection of Race and Gender

The Validity of the Level of Service Inventory–Revised at the Intersection of Race and Gender

Are “Parole Failures” Parolees When They Fail? Incorporating Supervision Terms and the Timing of Arrest Events into Parolee Recidivism Rates

Women Offenders Under Community Supervision: Comparing the Profiles of Returners and Non-Returners to Federal Prison

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