How do emission rates and emission factors for nitrous oxide and ammonia vary with manure type and time of application in a Scottish farmland?

Bell, M. J.; Hinton, Nicola; Cloy, Joanna M.; Topp, Cairistiona F. E.; Rees, Robert M.; Williams, J. R.; Misselbrook, Tom; Chadwick, David R.

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2015.10.007

Cited by 51 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In this study, accurate simulation of the measured daily N 2 O emissions, particularly in the timing of the peak emissions, generally supports other experimental findings that peak N 2 O emissions occur in the first few weeks after manure application (Bell et al., ; Thorman, Chadwick, Harrison, Boyles, & Matthews, ; Webb et al., ). Thomas and Hao () reported that N 2 O fluxes sharply increased 7 d after amendment application and peaked between 14 and 21 d after application.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Predicting nitrous oxide emissions after the application of solid manure to grassland in the United Kingdom

2020

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Nitrous oxide (N2O) emission from agricultural soils represents a significant source of greenhouse gas to the atmosphere. We evaluated the suitability of a modified Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model to estimate the N2O flux from the application of solid manure at two grassland sites (North Wyke [NW] and Pwllpeiran [PW]) in the United Kingdom. The simulated N2O emissions were validated against field observations measured in 2011 and 2012 for model calibration and validation, respectively. The SWAT model predicts water‐filled pore space (WFPS) very well with Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), R2, RMSE, and percentage bias (PBIAS) values of 0.67, .72, 0.06, and 3.64, respectively, during the calibration period for NW site, whereas it gives 0.68, .69, 0.07, and 3.04, respectively during the validation period. At PW, the model predicted the NSE, R2, RMSE, and PBIAS of 0.55, .69, 0.04, and −4.5, respectively, during calibration and 0.63, .71, 0.05, and −2.6, respectively, during the validation period. Compared with WFPS, the model resulted in a slightly lower fit for N2O emissions for NW (NSE = 0.47, R2 = .63 during calibration, and NSE = 0.55, R2 = .58 during validation) and for PW (NSE = 0.54, R2 = .71 for calibration, and NSE = 0.47, R2 = .69 for validation). Results revealed that the SWAT model performed reasonably well in representing the dynamics of N2O emissions after solid manure application to grassland.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Predicting nitrous oxide emissions after the application of solid manure to grassland in the United Kingdom

2020

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“…b). These variations in the effect of animal‐specific manure on N 2 O emissions were likely attributable to the different manure compositions (Chadwick et al ., ; Bell et al ., ). For example, effect sizes for poultry (mean 45.4%, 95% CI: 7.8–159.2%) manure were greater than those for cattle manure (mean: 28.7%, 95% CI: 5.2–67.2%) (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Stimulation of N₂O emission by manure application to agricultural soils may largely offset carbon benefits: a global meta‐analysis

Zhou

Zhu

Wang

et al. 2017

Global Change Biology

252

114

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Animal manure application as organic fertilizer does not only sustain agricultural productivity and increase soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks, but also affects soil nitrogen cycling and nitrous oxide (N O) emissions. However, given that the sign and magnitude of manure effects on soil N O emissions is uncertain, the net climatic impact of manure application in arable land is unknown. Here, we performed a global meta-analysis using field experimental data published in peer-reviewed journals prior to December 2015. In this meta-analysis, we quantified the responses of N O emissions to manure application relative to synthetic N fertilizer application from individual studies and analyzed manure characteristics, experimental duration, climate, and soil properties as explanatory factors. Manure application significantly increased N O emissions by an average 32.7% (95% confidence interval: 5.1-58.2%) compared to application of synthetic N fertilizer alone. The significant stimulation of N O emissions occurred following cattle and poultry manure applications, subsurface manure application, and raw manure application. Furthermore, the significant stimulatory effects on N O emissions were also observed for warm temperate climate, acid soils (pH < 6.5), and soil texture classes of sandy loam and clay loam. Average direct N O emission factors (EFs) of 1.87% and 0.24% were estimated for upland soils and rice paddy soils receiving manure application, respectively. Although manure application increased SOC stocks, our study suggested that the benefit of increasing SOC stocks as GHG sinks could be largely offset by stimulation of soil N O emissions and aggravated by CH emissions if, particularly for rice paddy soils, the stimulation of CH emissions by manure application was taken into account.

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“…The variation in the extent of emissions from different types of manure demonstrates the effects of manure properties such as moisture content, total N, and available N content on emissions generation [109]. N 2 O fluxes were enhanced by the fresh dung but not by urine [110].…”

Section: Emissions From Housingmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…According to Bell [109], the timing of the application can be critical if significant losses of N from the soil are to be avoided. Conversely, loss of N via N 2 O emissions is higher when manure is applied in wet conditions as N 2 O production via denitrification will occur before the crop is able to utilize available N. A proportion of N that volatilizes as NH 3 is considered to be re-emitted as N 2 O upon wet or dry deposition to soils from N excretion by animals [107].…”

Section: Emissions From Housingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a consequence, the highest N 2 O peaks of the experimental period were measured for the spring treatment after significant rainfall events. When broiler litter and layer manure were applied to winter wheat, mean annual N 2 O was greater for autumn (2 kg N 2 O-N.ha ) applications [109]. Differentiation of N 2 O emission factors, which takes specific factors into account such as N type and rate and application technique, can improve the quantification of N 2 O emissions from agricultural soils, and is needed to derive most efficient options for mitigation [45].…”

Section: Emissions From Housingmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Nitrous Oxide Release from Poultry and Pig Housing

Brouček¹

2018

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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The article investigates the scientific literature regarding N 2 O emissions according to housing and manure management in poultry and pig buildings. The majority of the N 2 O is emitted from manure storages and housing space, with small amounts emitted from the surface of passages. Many factors must be considered in successful emission evaluation, including season of the year, amount and depth of the bedding, animal density, type and floor space, feeding and watering practices, ventilation, temperature, and relative humidity. The liquid manure from poultry housing systems produces greater emissions of N 2 O than natural and force-dried manure. The influencing factors appeared to be manure removal frequency and the dry matter content of the manure. There are more housing types in pig barns, which differ in bedding, floor, and manure deposition. The highest N 2 O emissions were found in the sawdust bedding, and N 2 O production in slatted floor housing is lowest. This paper reports on technical options for mitigating emissions from poultry and swine contributions. The actual rate of N 2 O emission is highly dependent on the management strategies implemented on a farm. Consequently, improvements in management practices will affect future N 2 O emissions. Finally, emission factors are listed in a table.

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How do emission rates and emission factors for nitrous oxide and ammonia vary with manure type and time of application in a Scottish farmland?

Cited by 51 publications

References 39 publications

Predicting nitrous oxide emissions after the application of solid manure to grassland in the United Kingdom

Predicting nitrous oxide emissions after the application of solid manure to grassland in the United Kingdom

Stimulation of N₂O emission by manure application to agricultural soils may largely offset carbon benefits: a global meta‐analysis

Nitrous Oxide Release from Poultry and Pig Housing

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How do emission rates and emission factors for nitrous oxide and ammonia vary with manure type and time of application in a Scottish farmland?

Cited by 51 publications

References 39 publications

Predicting nitrous oxide emissions after the application of solid manure to grassland in the United Kingdom

Predicting nitrous oxide emissions after the application of solid manure to grassland in the United Kingdom

Stimulation of N2O emission by manure application to agricultural soils may largely offset carbon benefits: a global meta‐analysis

Nitrous Oxide Release from Poultry and Pig Housing

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Stimulation of N₂O emission by manure application to agricultural soils may largely offset carbon benefits: a global meta‐analysis