How do biocatalysis and biotransformation affect <i>Citrus</i> dietary flavonoids chemistry and bioactivity? A review

Shakour, Zeinab T. Abdel; Fayek, Nesrin M.; Farag, Mohamed A.

doi:10.1080/07388551.2020.1753648

Cited by 35 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 151 publications

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“…The initial metabolism in gut is highly associated with CFs’ health‐promoting properties as this metabolic process can modify absorption of the parental compounds and metabolites might exhibit more or similar, or perhaps less bioactivities. Actually, emerging evidence suggests that in vivo metabolic processes, particularly transformation by gut microbiota, may elicit or enhance the intrinsic bioactivities of CFs, and have a positive impact on health (Chiou et al., 2014; Luca et al., 2020; Shakour, Fayek, & Farag, 2020; Wu, Song, Rakariyatham, Zheng, Wang, et al., 2015). In this context, it might not be difficult to understand the paradox of why CFs show a low oral bioavailability but afford a myriad of bioactivities.…”

Section: Metabolic Fates Of Cfs In the Intestinementioning

confidence: 99%

Citrus flavonoids and the intestinal barrier: Interactions and effects

Wang

Zhao

Wen

et al. 2020

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

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The intestinal barrier plays a central role in sustaining gut homeostasis and, when dysfunctional, may contribute to diseases. Dietary flavonoids derived from Citrus genus represent one of the main naturally occurring phytochemicals with multiple potential benefits for the intestinal barrier function. In the intestine, citrus flavonoids (CFs) undergo ingestion from the lumen, biotransformation in the epithelial cells and/or crosstalk with luminal microbiota to afford various metabolites that may in turn exert protective actions on gut barrier along with their parental compounds. Specifically, the health‐promoting properties of CFs and their metabolic bioactives for the intestinal barrier include their capacity to (a) modulate barrier permeability; (b) protect mucus layer; (c) regulate intestinal immune system; (d) fight against oxidative stress; and (e) positively shape microbiome and metabolome. Notably, local effects of CFs can also generate systemic benefits, for instance, improvement of gut microbial dysbiosis helpful to orchestrate gut homeostasis and leading to alleviation of systemic dysmetabolism. Given the important role of the intestinal barrier in overall health, further understanding of underlying action mechanisms and ultimate health effects of CFs as well as their metabolites on the intestine is of great significance to future application of citrus plants and their bioactives as dietary supplements and/or functional ingredients in medical foods.

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Section: Metabolic Fates Of Cfs In the Intestinementioning

confidence: 99%

Citrus flavonoids and the intestinal barrier: Interactions and effects

Wang

Zhao

Wen

et al. 2020

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

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“…Numerous studies confirm that exogenous antioxidants from dietary fruits and vegetables work together with endogenous antioxidants against oxidative stress [40]. Thus, it is expected that the supplements of TAN and NOB jointly with endogenous vitamins, such as α-tocopherol and retinol, will help to balance the antioxidant status in animals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Effect of Nobiletin and Tangeretin on the Antioxidant Activity and Levels of α-Tocopherol and Retinol in Rats

Rodrigues

Gonçalves

Baeta

et al. 2021

Food Science and Engineering

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Polymethoxylated flavones (PMFs) have been associated with increased antioxidant activity in animal models. The effects of tangeretin (TAN) and nobiletin (NOB) on antioxidant activity in the blood and liver of rats were evaluated. Groups of rats were treated with 200 mg/kg bw/day of TAN or NOB, or placebo, for 15 days. Parental compounds and their metabolites were assessed in the liver by chromatographic analysis, in addition to α-tocopherol and retinol in the blood serum. Both TAN and NOB supplements were able to reduce malonaldehyde (MDA) in the rat’s blood by 22% and 18%, respectively, but only NOB increased redox reaction by 3%. Blood levels of retinol and α-tocopherol increased under TAN by 59% and 20%, respectively, but were not affected by NOB. Eight NOB metabolites were detected in the liver, but only two TAN metabolites were identified in low concentration. In conclusion, NOB improved antioxidant capacity and reduced lipid peroxidation, while increased levels of retinol and α-tocopherol after TAN supplement may have contributed to decreased blood lipid peroxidation.

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“…Among the bioactive compounds in citrus fruits, flavonoids had a noticeable antioxidant activity (Zou et al, 2016). Flavonoids in orange juice, such as naringin, narirutin, hesperidin, neohesperidin, and rutin could be transformed into corresponding flavonoid aglycones with high antioxidant activity (Cheng et al, 2020;Kumar & Pandey, 2013;Shakour et al, 2020). As shown in Figure 2a, the DPPH radical scavenging ability of RGOJ was the strongest, followed by GOJ, ROJ, and OOJ in order.…”

Section: Effects Of α-L-rhamnosidase β-Dglucosidase and Their Combination On The Antioxidant Activity Of Orange Juicementioning

confidence: 98%

“…Many reports showed the production and characterization of some α-L-rhamnosidases and β-D-glucosidases (Alvarenga et al, 2013;Li et al, 2019;Salgado et al, 2018;Singhania et al, 2017;Yadav et al, 2010). Both α-L-rhamnosidase and β-D-glucosidase could affect the antioxidant, flavonoids content, and polyphenols contents of various juices (Shakour et al, 2020;Qla et al, 2020;Pereira-Caro et al, 2018). However, naringinase, α-L-rhamnosidase, and β-Dglucosidase have not been compared in their effects on the quality of orange juices.…”

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confidence: 99%

The effects of α‐L‐rhamnosidase, β‐D‐glucosidase, and their combination on the quality of orange juice

Cheng

et al. 2021

J. Food Process. Preserv.

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accounting for 46% of the global juice market. The production of orange juice has been the driving force and direction for the development of China's citrus industry. China produced about 44,000 tons and imported around 55,000 tons of orange juice according to the report data of the United States Department of Agriculture in 2018.It is well known that orange juice is rich in vitamins, polyphenols, and other natural nutrients. The nutritional benefits of drinking orange juice include reducing the risk of obesity, reducing total cholesterol levels, increasing total antioxidant status, reducing the risk of uri-

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How do biocatalysis and biotransformation affect Citrus dietary flavonoids chemistry and bioactivity? A review

Cited by 35 publications

References 151 publications

Citrus flavonoids and the intestinal barrier: Interactions and effects

Citrus flavonoids and the intestinal barrier: Interactions and effects

Differential Effect of Nobiletin and Tangeretin on the Antioxidant Activity and Levels of α-Tocopherol and Retinol in Rats

The effects of α‐L‐rhamnosidase, β‐D‐glucosidase, and their combination on the quality of orange juice

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