How deep can we find the traces of Alpine subduction?

Piromallo, Claudia; Faccenna, Claudio

doi:10.1029/2003gl019288

Cited by 64 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…Most of SEAV show incompatible element ratios similar to Mediterranean HIMU basalts. Field of VAB and within-plate basalts from Peccerillo (2003Peccerillo ( , 2005. a mixture of about 40% HIMU and 60% DMM.…”

Section: Geochemical Features Of Orogenic and Anorogenic Suitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Slab detachment and mantle plume upwelling in subduction zones: An example from the Italian South-Eastern Alps

Macera¹,

Gasperini²,

Ranalli³

et al. 2008

Journal of Geodynamics

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The geochemical properties of the South-Eastern Alps volcanics (SEAV, Eocene age) call for a within-plate origin of the most primitive basalts, in contrast to the widespread calc-alkaline magmatism which developed some million years later northwestwards along the Periadriatic Lineament. The two contrasting magmatic suites that coexist in the Alpine area define binary mixing relationships in the Sr-Nd and Sr-Pb isotopic space, the end members of which being a crustal component (e.g. lower continental crust) and a HIMU-DMM component (e.g. the SEAV). The occurrence of a HIMU (high μ = high 238 U/ 204 Pb) component, which normally traces mantle plumes of deep mantle origin, in a tectonic regime dominated by collision tectonics (the tertiary convergence of European and Adriatic plates) can be explained by slab detachment and ensuing upwelling of mantle material through the lithospheric gap. We combine geochemical data and geophysical modelling to unravel the evolution of the Alpine slab after interaction with plume material and the genesis of the Alpine magmatism. The combination of changes in negative buoyancy caused by continental subduction and softening of a part of the slab caused by slab-plume interaction may act as a regulator for the time of slab breakoff and, consequently, for the variations of magmatism in the overriding lithosphere above a subduction zone. The thermal evolution of a subducting slab is modified by contact with the plume material which decreases significantly the total strength of the slab and favours slab detachment. Interactions between the HIMU component and the shallower depleted mantle can account for the geochemical characteristics of the SEAV. Counterflows of plume material towards the top of the subducting slab may also increase heating and partial melting of the overriding mantle wedge, giving rise to the calc-alkaline suite outcropping in the proximity of the Periadriatic Lineament.

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Section: Geochemical Features Of Orogenic and Anorogenic Suitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Slab detachment and mantle plume upwelling in subduction zones: An example from the Italian South-Eastern Alps

Macera¹,

Gasperini²,

Ranalli³

et al. 2008

Journal of Geodynamics

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“…Mediterranean, Carpathians, eastern Anatolia) (Carminati et al, 1998;Wortel and Spakman, 2000;Faccenna et al, 2004;Piromallo and Faccenna, 2004;Faccenna et al, 2006;Hafkenscheid et al, 2006;Lei and Zhao, 2007). Other suggestions of slab detachment have been provided by geochemical studies of magmatism in collision zones (Keskin, 2003;Ferrari, 2004;Qin et al, 2008).…”

Section: Magni Et Al: Numerical Models Of Slab Migrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical models of slab migration in continental collision zones

et al. 2012

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Abstract.Continental collision is an intrinsic feature of plate tectonics. The closure of an oceanic basin leads to the onset of subduction of buoyant continental material, which slows down and eventually stops the subduction process. In natural cases, evidence of advancing margins has been recognized in continental collision zones such as India-Eurasia and Arabia-Eurasia. We perform a parametric study of the geometrical and rheological influence on subduction dynamics during the subduction of continental lithosphere. In our 2-D numerical models of a free subduction system with temperature and stress-dependent rheology, the trench and the overriding plate move self-consistently as a function of the dynamics of the system (i.e. no external forces are imposed). This setup enables to study how continental subduction influences the trench migration. We found that in all models the slab starts to advance once the continent enters the subduction zone and continues to migrate until few million years after the ultimate slab detachment. Our results support the idea that the advancing mode is favoured and, in part, provided by the intrinsic force balance of continental collision. We suggest that the advance is first induced by the locking of the subduction zone and the subsequent steepening of the slab, and next by the sinking of the deepest oceanic part of the slab, during stretching and break-off of the slab. These processes are responsible for the migration of the subduction zone by triggering small-scale convection cells in the mantle that, in turn, drag the plates. The amount of advance ranges from 40 to 220 km and depends on the dip angle of the slab before the onset of collision.

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“…While most authors agree that mantle slabs are spatially linked to both modern (at shallow depth) and ancient (at greater depth) zones of lithospheric subduction, considerable uncertainties about slab Bousquet et al (2012) geometry, internal properties, tears and even orientation remain. At the Apennines-Alps transition zone, existing data do not allow us to discern the geometry of the switch in slab polarity, which is so far only gleaned from nappe vergence at the surface (e.g., Faccenna et al 2001;Piromallo and Faccenna 2004;Vignaroli et al 2008Vignaroli et al , 2009Handy et al 2010;Schmid et al 2017). Beneath the Eastern Alps, the exact outlines and origin of a slab anomaly are the subject of ongoing controversy between proponents of a presently N-dipping Adriatic subduction (Lippitsch et al 2003;Schmid et al 2004;Kissling et al 2006;Handy et al 2015;Zhao et al 2016) versus advocates of European subduction (Mitterbauer et al 2011), complemented with suggestions on a dual origin of the slab (Babuška et al 1990).…”

Section: Geodynamic Setting Questions and Goalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The AlpArray Seismic Network: A Large-Scale European Experiment to Image the Alpine Orogen

et al. 2018

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The AlpArray programme is a multinational, European consortium to advance our understanding of orogenesis and its relationship to mantle dynamics, plate reorganizations, surface processes and seismic hazard in the Alps-Apennines-Carpathians-Dinarides orogenic system. The AlpArray Seismic Network has been deployed with contributions from 36 institutions from 11 countries to map physical properties of the lithosphere and asthenosphere in 3D and thus to obtain new, high-resolution geophysical images of structures from the surface down to the base of the mantle transition zone. With over 600 broadband stations Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https ://doi.org/10.1007/s1071 2-018-9472-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. operated for 2 years, this seismic experiment is one of the largest simultaneously operated seismological networks in the academic domain, employing hexagonal coverage with station spacing at less than 52 km. This dense and regularly spaced experiment is made possible by the coordinated coeval deployment of temporary stations from numerous national pools, including ocean-bottom seismometers, which were funded by different national agencies. They combine with permanent networks, which also required the cooperation of many different operators. Together these stations ultimately fill coverage gaps. Following a short overview of previous large-scale seismological experiments in the Alpine region, we here present the goals, construction, deployment, characteristics and data management of the AlpArray Seismic Network, which will provide data that is expected to be unprecedented in quality to image the complex Alpine mountains at depth.

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How deep can we find the traces of Alpine subduction?

Cited by 64 publications

References 24 publications

Slab detachment and mantle plume upwelling in subduction zones: An example from the Italian South-Eastern Alps

Slab detachment and mantle plume upwelling in subduction zones: An example from the Italian South-Eastern Alps

Numerical models of slab migration in continental collision zones

The AlpArray Seismic Network: A Large-Scale European Experiment to Image the Alpine Orogen

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