“…Regular deep cleaning and disinfection of public transport vehicles, workplaces, stations, and objects in contact with users, including ticketing devices, poles, and seats, installing disinfectant dispensers, to actively respond to the COVID-19 pandemic. The reduction of intercity public transport services to control the pandemic outbreak has significantly reduced confirmed cases (Naveen & Gurtoo, 2022) (Huang, Wang, & Li, 2022) Although the spread of COVID-19 is decreasing, the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. The effect of COVID-19 on mode shift preferences can be assessed based on dynamic changes in transportation demand, commuter preferences in using specific modes, and perceived health risks associated with public transportation (Das, Boruah, & Banerjee, 2021).…”