How could fully scaled carps appear in natural waters in Madagascar?

Hubert, Jean Noël; Allal, François; Hervet, Caroline; Ravakarivelo, Monique; Jeney, Zsigmond; Vergnet, Alain; Guyomard, René; Vandeputte, Marc

doi:10.1098/rspb.2016.0945

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 44 publications

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“…Reversion to a prior phenotype in a population would not necessarily involve a back-mutation. Hubert et al (2016) acknowledge that "reversibility of evolution is a long studied and questioned aspect of evolutionary biology. Especially in small populations, slightly deleterious mutations may accumulate and become fixed by genetic drift" (p. 1).…”

Section: Reversibility Of Adaptationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous environmental tracking: An engineering framework to understand adaptation and diversification

Guliuzza¹,

Gaskill²

2018

PICC

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We offer a new framework for understanding biological adaptability based on interpreting the findings of 342 journal articles and 67 online reports related to adaptation, bioengineering, and design in view of the assumption that biological functions are most accurately explained by engineering principles. We hypothesize that organisms actively and continuously track environmental variables and respond by self-adjusting to changing environments-utilizing the engineering principles constraining how human-designed objects self-adjust to changes-which results in adaptation. We termed this hypothesis Continuous Environmental Tracking (CET). CET is an engineering-based, organismfocused characterization of adaptation. CET expects to find that organisms adapt via systems with elements analogous to those within human-engineered tracking systems, namely: input sensors, internal logic mechanisms to select suitable responses, and actuators to execute responses. We derived the hypothesis by reinterpreting findings and formalizing biological adaptability within a framework of engineering design, considering: (1) objectives, (2) constraints, (3) variables, and (4) the biological systems related to the previous three. The literature does identify internal mechanisms with elements analogous to engineered systems using sensors coupled to complex logic mechanisms producing highly "targeted" self-adjustments suitable to changes. Adaptive mechanisms were characterized as regulated, rapid, repeatable, and sometimes, reversible. Adaptation happened largely through regulated gene expression and not gene inheritance, per se. These observations, consistent with CET, contrast starkly with the evolutionary framework's randomness of tiny, accidental "hit-and-miss" phenotypes fractioned out to lucky survivors of deadly challenges. Evolutionists now divide over their framework's need of modification, and a trend among some seeks to infuse more engineering into biology. This disarray affords a rare, transient opportunity for engineering advocates to frame the issue. CET may fundamentally change how we perceive organisms; from passive modeling clay shaped over time by the vicissitudes of nature, to active, problem-solving creatures that continuously track environmental changes to better fit existing niches or fill new ones.

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Section: Reversibility Of Adaptationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous environmental tracking: An engineering framework to understand adaptation and diversification

Guliuzza¹,

Gaskill²

2018

PICC

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Rapid evolution meets invasive species control: the potential for pesticide resistance in sea lamprey

Dunlop

McLaughlin

Adams

et al. 2018

Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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Rapid evolution of pest, pathogen, and wildlife populations can have undesirable effects, for example, when insects evolve resistance to pesticides or fishes evolve smaller body size in response to harvest. A destructive invasive species in the Laurentian Great Lakes, the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) has been controlled with the pesticide 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM) since the 1950s. We evaluated the likelihood of sea lamprey evolving resistance to TFM by (i) reviewing sea lamprey life history and control; (ii) identifying physiological and behavioural resistance strategies; (iii) estimating the strength of selection from TFM; (iv) assessing the timeline for evolution; and (v) analyzing historical toxicity data for evidence of resistance. The number of sea lamprey generations exposed to TFM was within the range observed for fish populations where rapid evolution has occurred. Mortality from TFM was estimated as 82%–90%, suggesting significant selective pressure. However, 57 years of toxicity data revealed no increase in lethal concentrations of TFM. Vigilance and the development of alternative controls are required to prevent this aquatic invasive species from evolving strategies to evade control.

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How could fully scaled carps appear in natural waters in Madagascar?

Cited by 2 publications

References 44 publications

Continuous environmental tracking: An engineering framework to understand adaptation and diversification

Continuous environmental tracking: An engineering framework to understand adaptation and diversification

Rapid evolution meets invasive species control: the potential for pesticide resistance in sea lamprey

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