How contradictory EU policies led to the development of a pest: The story of oilseed rape and the cabbage stem flea beetle

Ortega‐Ramos, Patricia A.; Cook, S. M.; Mauchline, Alice

doi:10.1111/gcbb.12922

Cited by 21 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…10 The oil obtained from OSR seeds can be used for human consumption, but its global production has increased mainly due to its use to produce biofuel. 11,12 OSR is attacked by multiple insect pests that are managed by intensive use of insecticides (mainly pyrethroids), which has also triggered the widespread pyrethroid resistance in B. aeneus. [13][14][15][16][17] For C. obstrictus, pyrethroid resistance was reported in Poland and Germany.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal distancing of crops reduces pest pressure while maintaining conservation biocontrol in oilseed rape

Sulg

Kovács

Willow

et al. 2023

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUNDAgricultural landscapes provide resources for arthropod pests as well as their natural enemies. To develop integrated pest management (IPM) practices, it is important to understand how spatiotemporal location influences crop colonization and damage severity. We performed a 3‐year (2016–2018) field experiment in winter oilseed rape (OSR, Brassica napus) fields in Estonia, where half of the fields were within 500 m of the location of the previous year's winter OSR field and half were outside this zone. We investigated how distance from the previous year's OSR crop influences the infestation and parasitism rates of two of its most important pests: the pollen beetle (Brassicogethes aeneus) and the cabbage seed weevil (Ceutorhynchus obstrictus).RESULTSWhen the distance from the previous year's OSR crop was >500 m, we recorded significantly reduced pest pressure by both B. aeneus and C. obstrictus in the study fields. Biocontrol of both pests, provided by parasitic wasps, was high in each study year and commonly not affected by distance. Mean parasitism rates of B. aeneus were >31%, occasionally reaching >70%; for C. obstrictus, mean parasitism was >46%, reaching up to 79%, thereby providing effective biocontrol for both pest species.CONCLUSIONSpatiotemporal separation of OSR fields can reduce pest pressure without resulting in reduced parasitism of OSR pests. This supports a spatiotemporal field separation concept as an effective and sustainable technique for IPM in OSR.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal distancing of crops reduces pest pressure while maintaining conservation biocontrol in oilseed rape

Sulg

Kovács

Willow

et al. 2023

Pest Management Science

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“…Oilseed rape is the main oilseed crop used for energy purposes in Slovakia and Europe (Bajusová et al, 2019;USDA, 2020). However, its large production and the huge harvested area also raised concerns about the sustainable production of biofuel in the EU due to the increased simplicity of the agricultural landscape and resulting in increased use of synthetic insecticides (Ortega-Ramos et al, 2022). At present, oilseed rape is grown in all regions in Slovakia, from lowlands to mountain areas although, as seen in Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioenergy potential of agricultural phytomass production in Slovakia

et al. 2022

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Biomass is a highly versatile renewable energy source used on a global scale. The paper discusses the current state of biomass energy use in the EU and Slovakia. Residual biomass was found as a key feedstock for the European bioeconomy. Slovakia is one of the most forested and rural countries in the EU. Therefore, biomass energy has the highest technical potential from all renewables in Slovakia. The main objective of the paper was to evaluate the phytomass production of the selected crops and their energy potential in individual self-governing regions of Slovakia. It is focused on the production of usable post-harvest residues theoretically used for energy purposes from the following studied main crops: wheat, rye, oats, barley, maize, potatoes, oilseed rape and sugar beet. The results show the estimated production of usable post-harvest residues of the selected crops and their energy potential in individual self-governing regions in Slovakia in 2019. The total production of usable post-harvest residues from the studied crops was 4,854,017 t and their estimated energy potential was 68 PJ. This amount of energy would cover 10% of the total energy consumption in Slovakia. The top three productive crops were maize, wheat, and sugar beet. Maize had the highest energy potential of 28.1 PJ, followed by wheat at 19 PJ and sugar beet at 14.2 PJ. The highest yields of post-harvest residues, as well as energy potential, were found in the Nitra region.

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“…IPM has been the focus of much research for decades, yet there remains a global insufficiency of strategies mobilized for ensuring sustainability in both crop productivity and agrobiodiversity conservation. For example, regulators such as the EU define IPM policies, yet do not adequately support IPM practice ( Ortega-Ramos et al, 2022 ). This is a complex problem that likely involves many players, from landowners and farmers to large companies and governing bodies.…”

Section: Uniting Conservation Biocontrol and Rnai In The Un Decade On...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Uniting RNAi Technology and Conservation Biocontrol to Promote Global Food Security and Agrobiodiversity

Willow

Cook

Veromann

et al. 2022

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Habitat loss and fragmentation, and the effects of pesticides, contribute to biodiversity losses and unsustainable food production. Given the United Nation’s (UN’s) declaration of this decade as the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration, we advocate combining conservation biocontrol-enhancing practices with the use of RNA interference (RNAi) pesticide technology, the latter demonstrating remarkable target-specificity via double-stranded (ds)RNA’s sequence-specific mode of action. This specificity makes dsRNA a biosafe candidate for integration into the global conservation initiative. Our interdisciplinary perspective conforms to the UN’s declaration, and is facilitated by the Earth BioGenome Project, an effort valuable to RNAi development given its utility in providing whole-genome sequences, allowing identification of genetic targets in crop pests, and potentially relevant sequences in non-target organisms. Interdisciplinary studies bringing together biocontrol-enhancing techniques and RNAi are needed, and should be examined for various crop‒pest systems to address this global problem.

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How contradictory EU policies led to the development of a pest: The story of oilseed rape and the cabbage stem flea beetle

Cited by 21 publications

References 58 publications

Spatiotemporal distancing of crops reduces pest pressure while maintaining conservation biocontrol in oilseed rape

Spatiotemporal distancing of crops reduces pest pressure while maintaining conservation biocontrol in oilseed rape

Bioenergy potential of agricultural phytomass production in Slovakia

Uniting RNAi Technology and Conservation Biocontrol to Promote Global Food Security and Agrobiodiversity

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