How context alters value: The brain’s valuation and affective regulation system link price cues to experienced taste pleasantness

Schmidt, Liane; Skvortsova, Vasilisa; Kullen, C; Weber, Bernd; Plaßmann, Hilke

doi:10.1038/s41598-017-08080-0

Cited by 52 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…As for the reward circuit, neuroscientists have suggested that top-down signals regulate activity in reward structures such that value signals are either made to conform to, or contrast with, the frame information (De Martino, Camerer & Adolphs, 2010;Schmidt et al, 2017;Tymula & Plassmann, 2016), an idea that chimes with the observation that people are more or less susceptible to framing, with people less prone seen to recruit increased regulatory activity in the executive network (Aydogan et al, 2017).…”

Section: Hedonic Values Are Not (Only) Object Derivedmentioning

confidence: 99%

The nature of perception and emotion in aesthetic appreciation: A response to Makin’s challenge to empirical aesthetics.

Skov¹,

Nadal²

2021

Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts

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Alexis Makin argued in a recent paper that Empirical Aesthetics is unable to properly advance our understanding of the mechanisms involved in aesthetic experience. The reason for this predicament, he claims, is an inability of current research methods to capture the psychological properties that truly characterize aesthetic experience, especially the unique perceptual and emotional processes involved in the aesthetic experience. We show that Makin's argument rests on assumptions that are at odds with scientific knowledge of the neurobiological mechanisms involved in the appreciation of sensory objects. We thereafter show that such mechanisms are rooted in shared neurobiological systems, and operate according to computational principles that are common to many domains of

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Section: Hedonic Values Are Not (Only) Object Derivedmentioning

confidence: 99%

The nature of perception and emotion in aesthetic appreciation: A response to Makin’s challenge to empirical aesthetics.

Skov¹,

Nadal²

2021

Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts

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“…While caution is warranted in interpreting a null effect, it is possible that the effects on experience related primarily to affective processes. Indeed, when wines are labeled as expensive as opposed to cheap, neural regions related to affective value (e.g., vmPFC and ventral striatum) mediate an effect of price on perceived pleasantness (Schmidt, Skvortsova, Kullen, Weber, & Plassmann, 2017). It is possible that the "pleasantness" measure in our study most directly addressed this affective component.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

From groups to grits: Social identity shapes evaluations of food pleasantness

Hackel

Coppin

Wohl

et al. 2018

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology

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Throughout human history, food consumption has been deeply tied to cultural groups. Past models of food preference have assumed that social concerns are dissociated from basic appetitive qualities-such as tastiness-in food choice. Providing a counter to this notion, we tested and found support for the novel idea that social identities can shape the evaluation of food pleasantness. Specifically, individual differences in social identification (Study 1) as well as experimentally manipulated identity salience (Study 2) were associated with the anticipated tastiness of identity-relevant foods. We also found that identity salience influenced perceived food pleasantness during consumption (Study 3). These results suggest social identity may shape evaluations of food pleasantness, both through long-term motivational components of identification as well as short-term identity salience. Thus, the influence of social identity on cognition appears to extend beyond social evaluation, to hedonic experience. We discuss implications for theories of identity, decision-making, and food consumption.

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“…This is not imagined, as the brain will construct an actual experience of reality based on the priming. The experiment has recently been redone (Schmidt et al 2017…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Expectations related to experiences change how they are perceived across a variety of sensory domains, including pain (Schmidt et al 2017), vision (Summerfield and De Lange 2014), smell (De Araujo et al 2005), and hearing (Kirk et al 2009). While it seems astounding that expectations shape the way we taste, see, hear, and smell, the finding that pain is also under the influence of our mind's expectations appears preposterous.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Subjective Consciousness: What am I?

Glattfelder¹

2019

Information—Consciousness—Reality

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Consciousness is a fact. In this very moment your eyes are scanning these words and your mind is creating understanding of and context for the contents utilizing memory. However, astonishingly, we don't know how to accommodate consciousness into our scientific view of the world. Until quite recently, the nation of consciousness was taboo for scientists and philosophers alike. Today, a central problem is: How does the feeling of subjective experience emerge from neural activity? As a corollary: How does the ethereal mind interact with the physical world? Insights from neuroscience have uncovered that our perceptions of reality are not faithful representations, but constructed virtual reality simulations. Memories are also constructed and not retrieved. The sense of self is a result of a complex cognitive effort. The role of our consciousness is to narrate and rationalize the decisions emerging from the subconscious brain, in retrospect. Context and expectations influence and shape perceptions and experiences. The human mind exhibits countless irrational behaviors-cognitive biases abound. The mind can also suffer from a wide array of pathologies. Finally, free will is a very controversial topic, as experiments question its reality. Level of mathematical formality: not applicable. The phenomenon of consciousness represents the last enigma. After the long journey of the human mind-attempting to decode the workings of the universe-it has returned and is now facing its own existence. Just as the understanding of the fundamental nature of reality turned out to be an elusive quest, the challenge of understanding one's own mind appears truly stupendous. The psychologist Susan Blackmore summarizes (Blackmore 2005, p. 1): What is consciousness? This may sound like a simple question but it is not. Consciousness is at once the most obvious and the most difficult thing we can investigate. We seem either to have to use consciousness to investigate itself, which is a slightly weird idea, or have to extricate ourselves from the very thing we want to study.

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How context alters value: The brain’s valuation and affective regulation system link price cues to experienced taste pleasantness

Cited by 52 publications

References 52 publications

The nature of perception and emotion in aesthetic appreciation: A response to Makin’s challenge to empirical aesthetics.

The nature of perception and emotion in aesthetic appreciation: A response to Makin’s challenge to empirical aesthetics.

From groups to grits: Social identity shapes evaluations of food pleasantness

Subjective Consciousness: What am I?

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