How consumer confidence affects price conscious behavior: The roles of financial vulnerability and locus of control

Abstract

Highlights We aim to reconcile debate about the usefulness of consumer confidence (CC) indices. Contrary to prior research, we show that CC is not a singular construct. National CC affects price consciousness via personal CC and financial vulnerability. Locus of control moderates the effect of national CC on financial vulnerability. Implications relate to forecasting, marketing, and financial education/counselling.

Tourists’ interpretations toward tourism destinations: viewpoint to apply locus of control theory

“…In this case, they will have a negative external LOC during the journey by spreading negative WOM (Jiang et al, 2020). In contrast, tourists with a high internal LOC are less likely to be influenced by negative ascription during the journey (Hampson et al, 2021).…”

“…luck, weather and fate). Secondly, powerful control whereby people can influence it (Hampson et al, 2021).…”

“…On the contrary, if the same person is free to wear what they want, the person can control his judgment (internal LOC) about what they want to wear or about the event. So, the person feels high self-control with positive internal LOC (Hampson et al, 2021).…”

Theory for Financial Controlling in Corporations in the Modern Environment

“…Non-standard approach by B. Giovanni, M. Paolo [5] revealed chaos control with reference to the speculative bubbles, which can be managed by means of the control policies algorithm for chaotic dynamics. Hampson P. Daniel and G. Shiyang, X. Yi [6] referring to attribution theory stated that the external locus of control enhances the influence of consumers' trust in the country. Chinese researchers Li Yuanhui, Li Xiao, X. Erwei, H G. Dadrian [7] found that financial complications affect the selection of the profit management methods and determine the quality of internal control.…”

Tourists’ locus of control impact on destination brands online reviews: Destination employees’ efficiency as a mediator

“…There are two types of individuals' LOC; the first one is internal LOC, or, in another term (an internal attribution), which considers that individuals attribute events outcome to themselves than others [Jackson, 2019;Dunn, Jensen, Ralston, 2021]. In contrast, the external LOC or, in another term (an external attribution) considers that individuals attribute events outcome to external causes than themselves such as service providers' inefficiency or luck [Hampson, Gong, Xie, 2021].…”