How cell design affects the performance of sodium-antimony-bismuth liquid metal batteries

Reusable Cell Design for High-Temperature (600 °C) Liquid Metal Battery Cycling

“…Over the years, LMB research has led to many closed cell designs. [14][15][16][17][18][19] However, none of them have been able to meet all of the aforementioned requirements simultaneously, such as easy assembly, low cost and standardised parts, reusability, good corrosion resistance, and high temperature survivability (up to 600 °C). For long-term experiments, it is crucial to ensure a hermetic seal.…”

“…It is common to use the housing as one of the electrical terminals, 19 yet the presence of zinc as a cathode in the Na-Zn battery complicates such designs. In particular, the use of the cell body, usually made of stainless steel, as the cathode current collector is not feasible due to liquid zinc being extremely corrosive 29,30 compared to other typical LMB cathode materials, such as Bi or Pb 31 at the operational temperatures.…”