How bystanders perceive their cardiopulmonary resuscitation intervention; a qualitative study

Axelsson, Åsa; Herlitz, Johan; Fridlund, Bengt

doi:10.1016/s0300-9572(00)00209-4

Cited by 56 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In an interview study carried out in 2000 of volunteer bystanders, Axelsson et al noted that humanitarian values, expressed as a wish to save a life or the wish to help another person, constituted the foundation of the bystander's actions. 7 Our results suggest that this concept similarly underscores much of Canadians' reported willingness to perform bystander CPR. Moreover, our logistic regression suggests that females are significantly more likely to increase their willingness based on the shift in the guidelines compared to males.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…However, this has not translated well into action at the point of care; bystander CPR rates in Canada remain low, rarely exceeding 30%. 9 While other international studies from the United States, 3,8 Europe, 7 Asia, 28 Australia, 29,45 and New Zealand 46 have evaluated attitudes, perceptions, and understanding of CPR, our results provide important insights into Canadian perspectives on cardiac arrest and resuscitation. It is also the first study to examine the influence of the new 2010 CCO guidelines on bystander willingness to do CPR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…5 However, despite a long-standing recognition of this, bystander CPR rates rarely exceed 30% and have remained consistently low. [6][7][8][9] In particular, bystander CPR rates are considerably lower in most Canadian communities when compared to analogous international locations. 9 Although rates of bystander CPR are well documented, the reasons that many bystanders are reluctant to perform CPR remain poorly understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Are Canadians more willing to provide chest-compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)?—a nation-wide public survey

Cheskes

Morrison

Beaton

et al. 2015

CJEM

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BackgroundBystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) improves the likelihood of survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), yet it is performed in only 30% of cases. The 2010 guidelines promote chest-compression-only bystander CPR—a change intended to increase willingness to provide CPR.Objectives1) To determine whether the Canadian general public is more willing to perform chest-compression-only CPR compared to traditional CPR; 2) to characterize public knowledge of OHCA; and 3) to identify barriers and facilitators to bystander CPR.MethodsA 32-item survey assessing resuscitation knowledge, and willingness to provide CPR were disseminated in five Canadian regions. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize response distribution. Logistic regression analysis was applied to assess shifts in intention to provide CPR.ResultsA total of 428 completed surveys were analysed. When presented with a scenario of being a bystander in an OHCA, a greater proportion of respondents were willing to provide chest-compression-only CPR compared to traditional CPR for all victims (61.5% v. 39.7%, p<0.001), when the victim was a stranger (55.1% v. 38.8%, p<0.001), or when the victim was an unkempt individual (47.9% v. 28.5%, p<0.001). When asked to describe an OHCA, 41.4% said the heart stopped beating, and 20.8% said it was a heart attack. Identified barriers and facilitators included fear of litigation and lack of skill confidence.ConclusionsThis study identified gaps in knowledge, which may impair the ability of bystanders to act in OHCA. Most respondents expressed greater willingness to provide chest-compression-only CPR, but this was mediated by victim characteristics, skill confidence, and recognition of a cardiac arrest.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Are Canadians more willing to provide chest-compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)?—a nation-wide public survey

Cheskes

Morrison

Beaton

et al. 2015

CJEM

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“…On the other hand, Ranse & Burke [20] consider stress to be a relevant problem. Axelsson, Herlitz & Fridlund [1] reported that many of the interviewees in their research felt powerless, perceived the situation as uncertain and were worried if what they did was right. Hasík [13] states that emotions and the feeling of insufficiency are the key barriers to first-aid giving.…”

Section: First-aid Giving As An Emotional Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

First aid as an important traffic safety factor – evaluation of the experience–based training

Kurečková

Gabrhel

Zámečník

et al. 2017

Eur. Transp. Res. Rev.

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Introduction First aid is a factor that reduces damage to health and loss of life in traffic accidents. It is therefore necessary to make even the lay population ready to give at least basic first aid. Czech driving schools offer only 4-h first-aid trainings that do not provide the appropriate level of competencies. Our team has designed a new conception of a 16-h experience-based first-aid course and compared its efficacy with the standard 4-h training. Methods Thirty participants were randomly divided into two groups of 15 participants each. The first group went through the standard training; the second group went through the new experience-based training. Three levels of competencies were tested: 1. Knowledge; 2. Skills; 3. Performance in a simulated situation. The competencies were evaluated by a trained observer.Results A pilot test showed a remarkable difference in knowledge and skills, as well as the competency to act in a simulated situation between the group of people that had gone through the experience-based training and those that had gone through the standard first-aid course. Conclusions Experience-based first-aid training, focused on knowledge and skills, as well as the psychological set-up, is an effective part of a driver's education that can help to reduce the numbers of fatalities and serious damage to health caused by traffic accidents. It is an important factor of traffic safetyuseful for all drivers -and should become an integral part of all driving (improvement) courses. Further research is still necessary.

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“…13 Most CPR providers describe their experience as being positive. 43,226,227 CPR certification is associated with greater confidence in one's ability to provide care, which in turn is associated with an increase in helping behaviour. 17,57,142,[228][229][230][231] But CPR training is still not an assurance of action.…”

Section: Where Should Cpr Instructions Be Given?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding and improving low bystander CPR rates: a systematic review of the literature

Vaillancourt

Stiell

Wells

2008

CJEM

142

110

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Objectives: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a crucial yet weak link in the chain of survival for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. We sought to understand the determinants of bystander CPR and the factors associated with successful training. Methods: For this systematic review, we searched 11 electronic databases, 1 trial registry and 9 scientific websites. We performed hand searches and contacted 6 content experts. We reviewed without restriction all communications pertaining to who should learn CPR, what should be taught, when to repeat training, where to give CPR instructions and why people lack the motivation to learn and perform CPR. We used standardized forms to review papers for inclusion, quality and data extraction. We grouped publications by category and classified recommendations using a standardized classification system that was based on level of evidence. Results: We reviewed 2409 articles and selected 411 for complete evaluation. We included 252 of the 411 papers in this systematic review. Differences in their study design precluded a meta-analysis. We classified 22 recommendations; those with the highest scores were 1) 9-1-1 dispatchassisted CPR instructions, 2) teaching CPR to family members of cardiac patients, 3) Braslow's selftraining video, 4) maximizing time spent using manikins and 5) teaching the concepts of ambiguity and diffusion of responsibility. Recommendations not supported by evidence include mass training events, pulse taking prior to CPR by laymen and CPR using chest compressions alone. Conclusion:We evaluated and classified the potential impact of interventions that have been proposed to improve bystander CPR rates. Our results may help communities design interventions to improve their bystander CPR rates. RÉSUMÉ Objectifs : La réanimation cardio-respiratoire (RCR) est un maillon essentiel, quoique faible, de la chaîne de survie lors de la survenue d'un arrêt cardiaque hors de l'hôpital. Nous avons cherché à comprendre les déterminants du taux de passants pouvant administrer la RCR et les facteurs liés à une formation efficace. Méthodes : Dans le cadre de cette revue systématique, nous avons analysé 11 bases de données électroniques, un registre d'essais cliniques et neuf sites Web scientifiques. Nous avons réalisé des recherches manuelles et communiqué avec six experts du contenu. Nous avons examiné sans restriction toutes les communications portant sur les questions suivantes : qui devrait apprendre la RCR, ce qu'on devrait enseigner, QUAND la formation devrait être renouvelée, où les cours de

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How bystanders perceive their cardiopulmonary resuscitation intervention; a qualitative study

Cited by 56 publications

References 22 publications

Are Canadians more willing to provide chest-compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)?—a nation-wide public survey

Are Canadians more willing to provide chest-compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)?—a nation-wide public survey

First aid as an important traffic safety factor – evaluation of the experience–based training

Understanding and improving low bystander CPR rates: a systematic review of the literature

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