How Barred is the NIR Nearby Universe? An Analysis Using 2MASS

Menéndez‐Delmestre, Karín; Sheth, Kartik; Scoville, N. Z.; Jarrett, T. H.; Schinnerer, E.; Regan, Michael W.; Block, David L.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-2862-5_74

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…However, the L 7.7 /L 6.2 PAH ratio of the SMG composite is significantly higher than that of both lensed LBGs. The Cosmic Eye lies along the L P AH -to-L IR correlations seen in starburst galaxies spanning three orders of magnitude in luminosity Rigby et al 2008;Menéndez-Delmestre et al 2009). Confirming this correlation in LBGs is important, as much of the IR-derived SFRs are currently based on 24 µm fluxes alone, which are dominated by PAH emission.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In Figure 6 we compare the mid-IR spectra of the Cosmic Eye with another lensed LBG (cB58, Siana et al 2008), a composite of high redshift submm-selected ULIRGs (Menéndez-Delmestre et al 2009), and a composite of low redshift, lower luminosity (L IR < 10 11 L ⊙ ) starburst galaxies (Brandl et al 2006). All of the spectra exhibit high PAH equivalent widths and the PAH ratio, L 7.7 /L 6.2 , is approximately constant in all of these spectra except for the SMG composite, which has a markedly higher ratio than the others.…”

Section: Mid-ir Spectra Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of Far-Infrared and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Emission From the Cosmic Eye: Probing the Dust and Star Formation of Lyman Break Galaxies

Siana

Smail

Swinbank

et al. 2009

ApJ

120

146

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We report the results of a Spitzer infrared study of the Cosmic Eye, a strongly lensed, L * UV Lyman Break Galaxy (LBG) at z = 3.074. We obtained Spitzer IRS spectroscopy as well as MIPS 24 and 70 µm photometry. The Eye is detected with high significance at both 24 and 70 µm and, when including a flux limit at 3.5 mm, we estimate an infrared luminosity of L IR = 8.3 +4.7 −4.4 × 10 11 L ⊙ assuming a magnification of 28±3. This L IR is eight times lower than that predicted from the rest-frame UV properties assuming a Calzetti reddening law. This has also been observed in other young LBGs, and indicates that the dust reddening law may be steeper in these galaxies. The mid-IR spectrum shows strong PAH emission at 6.2 and 7.7 µm, with equivalent widths near the maximum values observed in star-forming galaxies at any redshift. The L P AH -to-L IR ratio lies close to the relation measured in local starbursts. Therefore, L P AH or L MIR may be used to estimate L IR and thus, star formation rate, of LBGs, whose fluxes at longer wavelengths are typically below current confusion limits. We also report the highest redshift detection of the 3.3 µm PAH emission feature. The PAH ratio, L 6.2 /L 3.3 = 5.1 ± 2.7, and the PAH-to-L IR ratio, L 3.3 /L IR = 8.5 ± 4.7 × 10 −4 , are both in agreement with measurements in local starbursts and ULIRGs, suggesting that this line may serve as a good proxy for L P AH or L IR at z > 3 with the James Webb Space Telescope.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Mid-ir Spectra Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Far-Infrared and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Emission From the Cosmic Eye: Probing the Dust and Star Formation of Lyman Break Galaxies

Siana

Smail

Swinbank

et al. 2009

ApJ

120

146

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“…Lutz et al place the AGN-dominated SMG in the same region of the L X /L IR plane identified by Alexander et al (2005). Menéndez-Delmestre et al (2006) have also observed SMGs with the IRS. They find the SMG spectra to be consistent with that of a composite of a strongly star-forming galaxy and weak AGN.…”

Section: Comparison With Other Surveysmentioning

confidence: 90%

Measuring PAH Emission in UltradeepSpitzerIRS Spectroscopy of High‐Redshift IR‐Luminous Galaxies

Teplitz

Desai

Armus

et al. 2007

ApJ

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The study of the dominant population of high redshift IR-luminous galaxies (10 11 -10 12 L ⊙ at 1 < z < 3), requires observation of sources at the ∼ 0.1 mJy level in the mid-IR. We present the deepest spectra taken to date with the Infrared Spectrograph (IRS) on the Spitzer Space Telescope. We targeted two faint (f 24 ∼ 0.15 mJy) sources in the Southern GOODS field at z = 1.09 and z = 2.69. Spectra of the lower redshift target were taken in the observed-frame 8-21 micron range, while the spectrum of the higher redshift target covered 21-37 microns. We also present the spectra of two secondary sources within the slit. We detect strong PAH emission in all four targets, and compare the spectra to those of local galaxies observed by the IRS. The z = 1.09 source appears to be a typical, star-formation dominated IR-luminous galaxy, while the z = 2.69 source is a composite source with strong star formation and a prominent AGN. The IRAC colors of this source show no evidence of rest-frame near-infrared stellar photospheric emission. We demonstrate that an AGN which contributes only a small (∼ 10%) fraction of the bolometric luminosity can produce enough hot 1 Based on observations obtained with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by JPL, California Institute of Technology for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 2 The IRS is a collaborative venture between Cornell University and Ball Aerospace Corporation that was funded by NASA through JPL.

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“…Recent studies (Houck et al 2005;Yan et al 2005Yan et al , 2007 have produced such low resolution, mid-IR spectral samples of Spitzer-selected z ∼ 2 ULIRGs. Other IRS samples include near-IR-selected starbursts and X-ray selected AGN (Weedman et al 2006), and sub-mm galaxies (Menéndez-Delmestre et al 2006;Pope et al 2006b). Physical properties derived from these low-resolution, mid-IR spectra will allow us to put various disparate high-z ULIRG samples in context, and test our understanding of IR luminous populations and their evolution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SpitzerMid‐Infrared Spectroscopy of Infrared Luminous Galaxies atz∼2. II. Diagnostics

Sajina

Yan

Armus

et al. 2007

ApJ

150

346

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We present mid-IR spectral decomposition of a sample of 48 Spitzer-selected ULIRGs spanning z ∼ 1 -3 and likely L IR ∼ 10 12 -10 13 L ⊙ . Our study aims at quantifying the star-formation and AGN processes in these sources which recent results suggest have evolved strongly between the observed epoch and today. To do this, we study the mid-IR contribution of PAH emission, continuum, and extinction. About 3/4 of our sample are continuum-(i.e. AGN) dominated sources, but ∼ 60% of these show PAH emission, suggesting the presence of star-formation activity. These sources have redder mid-IR colors than typical optically-selected quasars. About 25% of our sample have strong PAH emission, but none are likely to be pure starbursts as reflected in their relatively high 5 µm hot dust continua. However, their steep 30 µm -to -14 µm slopes suggest that star-formation might dominate the total infrared luminosity. Six of our z ∼ 2 sources have EW 6.2 > ∼ 0.3 µm and L 14µm > ∼ 10 12 L ⊙ (implying L IR > ∼ 10 13 L ⊙ ). At these luminosities, such high EW 6.2 ULIRGs do not exist in the local Universe. We find a median optical depth at 9.7 µm of τ 9.7µm = 1.4. This is consistent with local IRAS-selected ULIRGs, but differs from early results on SCUBAselected z ∼ 2 ULIRGs. Similar to local ULIRGs about 25% of our sample show extreme obscuration (τ 9.7µm > ∼ 3) suggesting buried nuclei. In general, we find that our sources are similar to local ULIRGs, but are an order of magnitude more luminous. It is not clear whether our z ∼ 2 ULIRGs are simply scaled-up versions of local ULIRGs, or subject to fundamentally different physical processes.

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How Barred is the NIR Nearby Universe? An Analysis Using 2MASS

Cited by 7 publications

References 3 publications

Detection of Far-Infrared and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Emission From the Cosmic Eye: Probing the Dust and Star Formation of Lyman Break Galaxies

Detection of Far-Infrared and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Emission From the Cosmic Eye: Probing the Dust and Star Formation of Lyman Break Galaxies

Measuring PAH Emission in UltradeepSpitzerIRS Spectroscopy of High‐Redshift IR‐Luminous Galaxies

SpitzerMid‐Infrared Spectroscopy of Infrared Luminous Galaxies atz∼2. II. Diagnostics

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