How are distractibility and hazard prediction in driving related? Role of driving experience as moderating factor

Castro, Cándida; Padilla, José‐Luis; Doncel, Pablo; García-Fernández, Pedro; Ventsislavova, Petya; Eisman, Eduardo M.

doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2019.102886

Cited by 33 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…As shown in Table 1 , longer driving experience and higher driving frequency were associated with better attentional network performance. To a large extent these results mirror previous results [ 28 , 72 , 73 ] in that, compared to novices/beginners, experienced drivers perform better on cognitive-attentional tasks. In contrast, neither driving frequency, nor driving experience were associated with ADHD symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

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Driving Accidents, Driving Violations, Symptoms of Attention-Deficit-Hyperactivity (ADHD) and Attentional Network Tasks

Sani

Fathirezaie

Sadeghi‐Bazargani

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Background: Iran has serious problems with traffic-related injuries and death. A major reason for traffic accidents is cognitive failure due to deficits in attention. In this study, we investigated the associations between traffic violations, traffic accidents, symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), age, and on an attentional network task in a sample of Iranian adults. Methods: A total of 274 participants (mean age: 31.37 years; 80.7% males) completed questionnaires covering demographic information, driving violations, traffic accidents, and symptoms of ADHD. In addition, they underwent an objective attentional network task (ANT), based on Posner’s concept of attentional networks. Results: More frequent traffic violations, correlated with lower age and poorer performance on the attentional network tasks. Higher symptoms of ADHD were associated with more accidents and more traffic violations, but not with the performance of the attentional tasks. Higher ADHD scores, a poorer performance on attentional network tasks, and younger age predicted traffic violations. Only higher symptoms of ADHD predicted more traffic accidents. Conclusions: In a sample of Iranian drivers, self-rated symptoms of ADHD appeared to be associated with traffic violations and accidents, while symptoms of ADHD were unrelated to objectively assessed performance on an attentional network task. Poor attentional network performance was a significant predictor of traffic violations but not of accidents. To increase traffic safety, both symptoms of ADHD and attentional network performance appear to merit particular attention.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…With regard to driving experience, there is evidence that, compared to novices, experienced drivers commit fewer attention-related driving errors [ 72 , 73 ]. Likewise, Zheng et al [ 28 ] showed that experienced drivers had more skilled visual scan patterns than inexperienced drivers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Driving Accidents, Driving Violations, Symptoms of Attention-Deficit-Hyperactivity (ADHD) and Attentional Network Tasks

Sani

Fathirezaie

Sadeghi‐Bazargani

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…The literature includes studies that have explored what the HP skills of different road users are like from one unique traffic perspective. The majority of these studies have focused on analysing and improving the HP performance of car drivers [9][10][11][12][13]. The traditional HP test is used to evaluate to what extent the skill of perceiving traffic hazards has been developed [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…What will happen next? [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. In this case, the precision of the participants is measured.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hazard Perception and Prediction test for walking, riding a bike and driving a car: “Understanding of the global traffic situation”

et al. 2020

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To "put oneself in the place of other road users" may improve understanding of the global traffic situation. It should be useful enabling drivers to anticipate and detect obstacles in time to prevent accidents to other road users, especially those most vulnerable. We created a pioneering Hazard Perception and Prediction test to explore this skill in different road users (pedestrians, cyclists and drivers), with videos recorded in naturalistic scenarios: walking, riding a bicycle and driving a car. There were 79 participants (30 pedestrians, 14 cyclists, 13 novice drivers and 22 experienced drivers). Sixty videos of hazardous traffic situations were presented, divided into 2 blocks of 30 videos each: 10 walking, 10 riding a bicycle, 10 driving a car. In each situation presented, we evaluated the performance of the participants carrying out the task of predicting the hazard and estimating the risk. In the second block, after they had carried out the task, we gave them feedback on their performance and let them see the whole video (i.e., checking what happened next). The results showed that the holistic test had acceptable psychometric properties (Cronbach's alpha = .846). The test was able to discriminate between the different conditions manipulated: a) between traffic hazards recorded from different perspectives: walking, riding a bicycle and driving a car; b) between participants with different user profiles: pedestrians, cyclists and drivers; c) between the two test blocks: the first evaluation only and the second combining evaluation with this complex intervention. We found modal bias effects in both Hazard Perception and Prediction; and in Risk Estimation.

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“…This methodology follows several previously successful studies using a multiple-choice hazard prediction test and finding significant differences between experienced and novice drivers. 13,27,39,[42][43][44][45] As supplementary material, a more detailed description of the traffic situations used for the Spanish and UK hazard prediction test are shown in Figures S1-S2…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Risky Decision-Making and Hazard Prediction are Negatively Related and Could Be Assessed Independently Using Driving Footage

Castro

Ventsislavova

García-Fernández

2021

PRBM

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Introduction: Traffic collisions are a principal cause of death in Europe, disproportionately affecting young drivers. Driving safety depends not only on our ability to anticipate and respond to dangers on the road but also on the level of risk we are willing to engage within our own driving behaviour. Methods: Hazard prediction (HPr) and risky decision-making (RDM) tests were given to three groups of young Spaniards (169 participants): 54 non-drivers (M=20), 65 novice (M=21) and, 50 experienced drivers (M=26 years old). Both tests presented participants with video clips of driving recorded from the driver's perspective. The HPr test contained hazardous situations caused by the actions of another road user (eg, a pedestrian crossing the road). Each HPr clip was occluded as a hazard began to unfold and participants were asked to predict "what happens next?" They selected their answer from four on-screen options. The RDM test used clips where any imminent danger would be provoked by the film-car driver's risky behaviour (eg, overtaking illegally). Participants were asked to report the probability of following certain types of risky behaviour (eg, "Would you go forward with the lights on amber?" or "Would you overtake the cyclist/lorry/bus at this point?"). In addition, the effect of the locality of the driving scenarios was manipulated: they could take place in the participant's native country (Spain) or in a different country (UK). Results: Non-drivers and novice drivers were less able to predict upcoming hazards and more likely to make risky decisions. Driving scenarios from another country (UK) provoked riskier decisions than those from the participants' home country (Spain). Conclusion: Improvement in HPr skills among novice or new drivers poses a huge challenge as far as driver training is concerned, though it is only part of the solution. Young inexperienced drivers' willingness to engage in risky behaviour also needs to be tackled. Our results suggest that such RDM can be assessed in a similar way to HPr skill, using a naturalistic approach, which raises the possibility of assessing and training drivers on a wider range of safety-related behaviours.

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How are distractibility and hazard prediction in driving related? Role of driving experience as moderating factor

Cited by 33 publications

References 59 publications

Driving Accidents, Driving Violations, Symptoms of Attention-Deficit-Hyperactivity (ADHD) and Attentional Network Tasks

Driving Accidents, Driving Violations, Symptoms of Attention-Deficit-Hyperactivity (ADHD) and Attentional Network Tasks

Hazard Perception and Prediction test for walking, riding a bike and driving a car: “Understanding of the global traffic situation”

Risky Decision-Making and Hazard Prediction are Negatively Related and Could Be Assessed Independently Using Driving Footage

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