How apple responds to boron excess in acidic and limed soil

Abstract

Two year-old apple plants (Malus domestica cv. Red Chief Delicious) were grown in an acidic and limed soil, and fertilized with B (0, 1, 3 and 5 mg kg -1 soil). Fresh matter weight of plants was positively correlated with the applied B only in acidic soil. The number of nods, plant height, stem diameter, and shoot length were not particularly affected by either B additions or liming. The length of internodes of the plants grown in limed soil showed a positive correlation with the amount of added B, but the opposite effects were observed in the acidic soil. Boron and K concentration in leaves showed a positive correlation with added B in both soils. Leaf N and Fe concentrations were negatively affected by B additions in soils, while leaf Mn and Zn concentrations were also affected by added B and soil pH, reflecting thus their soil mobility. Chlorophyll content in leaves was reduced at high B treatments, only in plants grown in the acidic soil. Our results show that added B even in our high B-content acidic soil did not cause any detrimental effects on apple plants, and that liming seemed to buffer trace metal excesses, characteristic of any acidic soil.

Allocation Pattern, Nutrient Partitioning, Sugar Metabolism, and Pigment Composition in Hydroponically Grown Loquat Seedlings Subjected to Increasing Boron Concentrations

“…This is in agreement with previous experiment in which the mineral content of leaves was not affected by B excess (Papadakis et al 2003;Yermiyahu et al 2008). Other experiments suggest that no pattern exists between B supply and the levels of mineral elements in various plant parts of different plant species, such as broccoli (Shelp 1988), tomato (Gunes et al 1999), pepper (Eraslan et al 2007), kiwifruits (Sotiropoulos et al 1999), olive (Chatzissavvidis and Therios 2010), and apple tree (Sotiropoulos et al 2006;Paparnakis et al 2013). Inconsistencies on the effects of B excess on uptake of other nutrients are probably an indication of the different mobility of nutrients in various species, different demands of nutrients, but principally to biochemical/physiological mechanisms adopted by different plant species/cultivars to counteract luxury availability of B in leaves.…”

Early stage fruit analysis to detect a high risk of bitter pit in ‘Golden Smoothee’

“…The role of B in plant physiology is unique among other nutrients because of the small difference that exists between deficiency and excess (Nable et al, 1997;Paparnakis et al, 2013). In this study, the B levels in the fruit could be considered to be excessive in most of the orchard, according to the recommendations in Peryea and Drake (1991), who considered excessive > 40 ppm of B in fruit.…”

Influence of Rootstock Genotype and Ploidy Level on Common Clementine (Citrus clementina Hort. ex Tan) Tolerance to Nutrient Deficiency

“…These results indicate that the formation of ROS is due to the excess of electrons for the carbon reduction process (Pan et al, 2006). Moreover, the decrease in photosynthetic capacity in all scion/rootstock combinations after D210 of nutrient deficiency is due to damage to the whole photosystem II complex and particularly to chloroplast structure following the action of oxidative molecules (Papadakis et al, 2004;Guerfel et al, 2009;Paparnakis et al, 2013). The synergy between Y(NPQ), Asa content and Asa/DHA ratio, with the increase Asa content and Asa/DHA ratio, may optimize protection against photoinhibition by enhancing non-photochemical quenching [Y(NPQ)] in all scion/rootstock combinations, except in the "sensitive" C/CC2x (Figure 2A and Tables 4, 5) (Talla et al, 2011;Karpinska et al, 2018).…”