How and when the regional competence of chick epidermis is established: feathers vs. scutate and reticulate scales, a problem en route to a solution.

Prin, Fabrice; Dhouailly, Danielle

doi:10.1387/ijdb.15272378

Cited by 49 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Additionally, ENGRAILED has been previously reported to act directly to transcriptionally repress Shh and/or the genes encoding its downstream transcriptional effectors (31)(32)(33)(34). All of these pathways appeared to converge on repression of Shh and SHH signaling in SwGpermissive skin.…”

Section: All Roads Lead To Suppression Of Shh Signaling In Swg-permismentioning

confidence: 96%

839 Spatiotemporal antagonism in mesenchymal-epithelial Signaling in sweat versus hair fate decision

Polak

Keyes

et al. 2017

Journal of Investigative Dermatology

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The gain of eccrine sweat glands in hairy body skin has empowered humans to run marathons and tolerate temperature extremes. Epithelial-mesenchymal cross-talk is integral to the diverse patterning of skin appendages, but the molecular events underlying their specification remain largely unknown. Using genome-wide analyses and functional studies, we show that sweat glands are specified by mesenchymal-derived bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and fibroblast growth factors that signal to epithelial buds and suppress epithelial-derived sonic hedgehog (SHH) production. Conversely, hair follicles are specified when mesenchymal BMP signaling is blocked, permitting SHH production. Fate determination is confined to a critical developmental window and is regionally specified in mice. In contrast, a shift from hair to gland fates is achieved in humans when a spike in BMP silences SHH during the final embryonic wave(s) of bud morphogenesis.Epithelial appendages-including hair follicles (HFs) and teeth as well as mammary, sweat, and salivary glands-begin to form during embryogenesis when Wnt signaling triggers progenitors within the epithelial sheet to organize spatially into morphologically similar placodes. Whereas most mammals restrict the specification of epidermal appendages regionally, HFs and sweat glands (SwGs) coexist throughout much of the skin of primates. The acquisition of SwGs and their importance in thermoregulation are underscored by humans who suffer from a life-threatening condition when SwGs are eliminated, either from loss in severe burns or from the genetic disorder hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED).Patients with HED display mutations in genes encoding proteins such as ectodermal dysplasia antigen (EDA), the EDA receptor (EDAR), and WNT10a, a ligand for Wnt signaling. These findings have illuminated a critical role for these pathways in controlling the development of a number of epidermal appendages, including SwGs and coarse hairs (1, † Corresponding author. fuchslb@rockefeller.edu. * Present address: Calico Life Sciences, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.RNAseq data are deposited in the Gene Expression Omnibus under accession number GSE85249 (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo).The authors declare no competing financial interests. SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIALS Author Manuscript Author ManuscriptAuthor ManuscriptAuthor Manuscript 2). Conversely, an EDAR gain-of-function variant has been expanding among the Southeast Asian population, where excessive SwGs are desirable because of the hot and humid climate of that region (3). In this regard, both Wnt and EDA/EDAR pathways appear to function in promoting placode formation, increasing the density of SwGs and several other appendage types (4).Classical tissue recombination experiments have revealed that mesenchyme plays a critical role in dictating the divergent downstream events that determine appendage selection (5, 6). For example, salivary mesenchyme combined with mammary epithelium generates an epithelial morphology resembling salivary glands (7), and...

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Section: All Roads Lead To Suppression Of Shh Signaling In Swg-permismentioning

confidence: 96%

839 Spatiotemporal antagonism in mesenchymal-epithelial Signaling in sweat versus hair fate decision

Polak

Keyes

et al. 2017

Journal of Investigative Dermatology

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“…Two cutaneous structures of chick, i.e., scales and feathers, have been studied extensively to define the mechanism of retinoid-induced morphogenetic change [11,14,15,20,[29][30][31]. Dhouailly et al (1980) showed that the single injection of 125 μg (417 μm) of ATRA into the amniotic cavity of chick embryos at embryonic Hamburger-Hamilton (HH) stage 36 (day 10), which correspond to the beginning of scale morphogenesis, leads to the formation of feathers on chick foot scales [29].…”

Section: Effects Of Ra On Morphogenesis Of Chick Embryonic Skinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinoic Acid-Induced Epidermal Transdifferentiation in Skin

Akimoto

Miyaji

Morimoto-Kamata

et al. 2014

JDB

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Retinoids function as important regulatory signaling molecules during development, acting in cellular growth and differentiation both during embryogenesis and in the adult animal. In 1953, Fell and Mellanby first found that excess vitamin A can induce transdifferentiation of chick embryonic epidermis to a mucous epithelium (Fell, H.B.; Mellanby, E. Metaplasia produced in cultures of chick ectoderm by high vitamin A. J. Physiol. 1953, 119, 470-488). However, the molecular mechanism of this transdifferentiation process was unknown for a long time. Recent studies demonstrated that Gbx1, a divergent homeobox gene, is one of the target genes of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) for this transdifferentiation. Furthermore, it was found that ATRA can induce the epidermal transdifferentiation into a mucosal OPEN ACCESS J. Dev. Biol. 2014, 2 159 epithelium in mammalian embryonic skin, as well as in chick embryonic skin. In the mammalian embryonic skin, the co-expression of Tgm2 and Gbx1 in the epidermis and an increase in TGF-β2 expression elicited by ATRA in the dermis are required for the mucosal transdifferentiation, which occurs through epithelial-mesenchymal interaction. Not only does retinoic acid (RA) play an important role in mucosal transdifferentiation, periderm desquamation, and barrier formation in the developing mammalian skin, but it is also involved in hair follicle downgrowth and bending by its effect on the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and on members of the Runx, Fox, and Sox transcription factor families.

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“…Later I pursued this work further with my PhD student, Benoit Kanzler. It was found that several types of perturbation led to formation of feathers on chick foot scales (reviewed in Prin and Dhouailly, 2004). How the signaling pathways are altered to form feathers or scales is still unclear, but it seems easier to form complex feathers than simple scales on an avian epidermis.…”

Section: Early In Your Careermentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin, cornea and stem cells - an interview with Danielle Dhouailly

Chuong¹

2009

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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Danielle Dhouailly received her Bachelor of Science degree (Biology) from ParisUniversity. She then worked on a Ph.D. with Philippe Sengel at Grenoble University. After that, she went to Canada and the USA to work with Drs. M. Hardy, R. Sawyer and H. Sun before going back to Grenoble and starting her own laboratory. In the 1970s, she began a series of creative epithelial-mesenchymal recombination experiments among chicken feathers, mouse hairs and lizard scales, and later between rabbit cornea / mouse hairs. Through these original experiments, she elegantly demonstrated that the dermis initiates the formation of cutaneous appendages, while their type is specified by the class and regional origin of the epidermis. Subsequently she showed that the induction of an ectodermal organ, even in an adult epithelium, provokes the appearance of the related tissue stem cells. These works pioneered the concepts which are used in stem cell biology today. Her laboratory now works on the molecular mechanisms underlying these processes. Her papers are typically characterized by an initial insightful observation, followed by rigorous experiments and thoughtful discussions. They are rich with different shades of perspectives, almost like a piece of impressionist art. She loves gardening and her pets. She considers herself a good observer and hard worker driven by curiosity. Her best moments occur when she suddenly becomes enlightened as to an explanation of a basic concept when looking at experimental results or discussing ideas with colleagues. She believes that good results last forever, although interpretations can change. Her advice to young scientists is to be rigorous at the bench, to think hard, and not to be shy to speak up. The following is the story of how this young, female naturalist grew into a well-respected developmental biologist.

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How and when the regional competence of chick epidermis is established: feathers vs. scutate and reticulate scales, a problem en route to a solution.

Cited by 49 publications

References 80 publications

839 Spatiotemporal antagonism in mesenchymal-epithelial Signaling in sweat versus hair fate decision

839 Spatiotemporal antagonism in mesenchymal-epithelial Signaling in sweat versus hair fate decision

Retinoic Acid-Induced Epidermal Transdifferentiation in Skin

Skin, cornea and stem cells - an interview with Danielle Dhouailly

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