How a city prepares to e-mobility in terms of public charging infrastructure case study &amp;#x2014; The city of Zurich

Schuler, Douglas A.; Küng, Lukas; Peter, Valentin

doi:10.1109/evs.2013.6914875

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…These charging infrastructures can significantly impact a distribution system's stability and reliability due to future growth of EVs and the resulting high energy capacity [92]- [96]. A Level-1 charging station operates at 120 V, whereas Level-2 operates at 208 V or 240 V, and DC chargers, similar to Level-3 and supercharging, operate at 440 V taking a shorter charge duration [97], [98].…”

Section: ) Microgrids and Distributed Energy Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey on Cyber-Physical Security of Active Distribution Networks in Smart Grids

Khalaf,

Ayad,

Tushar

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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Distribution systems are evolving from traditional passive networks into, what is known as, Active Distribution Networks (ADNs). Unlike traditional distribution networks, ADNs are characterized by bi-directional power flow, the high penetration of DERs, storage capabilities and sophisticated control strategies. Multiple layers of communications, sensing and computation are being integrated into ADNs for monitoring, control and protection of a variety of components and critical operations. This enhanced dependency on information and communication technologies, however, increases the exposure of ADNs to cyber-attacks. Several papers have been published in recent years with a focus on cyber-physical security (CPS) of smart grids. However, the published survey papers primarily emphasize the transmission level of smart grid threats and challenges, with little focus on the ADNs. Given the rapid deployment of ADNs and the increasing cyber threats against power grids and critical infrastructures, we are motivated, in this article, to present a review and survey focused, instead, on the latest research advancements in the area of CPS for ADNs. This paper represents the first survey of timely research in the area of CPS of ADNs with a focus on ADN critical operations and components. The cyber-physical aspects of each critical operation/component are analyzed. In addition, the challenges and requirements of associated communication protocols and standards are presented. Cybersecurity of ADN devices and sensors including Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs), smart meters, advanced metering infrastructure and protection relays are discussed in detail. Moreover, a thorough study of ADNs application drivers and enablers including microgrids, Electric Vehicles (EVs), Internet-of-Things (IoT) and smart homes is conducted. Potential and existing solutions by industry are highlighted. Finally, survey outcomes and directions for future work are presented to highlight emerging avenues of research.

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Section: ) Microgrids and Distributed Energy Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey on Cyber-Physical Security of Active Distribution Networks in Smart Grids

Khalaf,

Ayad,

Tushar

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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“…Furthermore, the impact of an installed charging infrastructure on air quality and the associated effects on human health were analyzed [69] and the possibility of combining renewable energy sources with charging infrastructure [70]. Various publications [71][72][73][74] attempt to establish models for the prediction of the demand for publicly accessible charging stations, while other studies focus on infrastructure configurations and, thus, on the technical aspect [75]. While all of these topics are indeed of great importance for a successful integration of electric vehicles into the automotive market and for increasing customer acceptance, the aforementioned publications fail to do justice to the complexity of developing a satisfactory and sustainable charging infrastructure with its numerous influencing factors.…”

Section: Charging Infrastructurementioning

confidence: 99%

Interdisciplinary Analysis of Social Acceptance Regarding Electric Vehicles with a Focus on Charging Infrastructure and Driving Range in Germany

Burkert

Fechtner

Schmuelling

2021

WEVJ

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A variety of measures are currently being taken on both the national and international levels in order to mitigate the negative effects of climate change. The promotion of electric mobility is one such measure for the transport sector. As a key component in a more environmentally-friendly, resource-saving, and efficient transport sector, electric mobility promises to create better sustainability. Several challenges still need to be met to exploit its full potential. This requires adapting the car technology, the value chain of vehicles, loads on the electricity network, the power generation for the drive, traffic, and charging infrastructure. The challenges to this endeavor are not only technical in nature, but they also include social acceptance, concerns, and economic, as well as ecological, aspects. This paper seeks to discuss and elucidate these problems, giving special focus to the issues of driving range, phenomenon of range anxiety, charging time, and complexity of the charging infrastructure in Germany. Finally, the development of social acceptance in Germany from 2011 to 2020 is investigated.

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“…Toward that end, the adoption of renewable energy sources (RES) such as photovoltaic panels (PV) and wind turbines (WT), as well as battery energy storage systems (BESS) and other energy storage systems (ESS), is ever increasing [3][4][5]. Another recent trend is the procurement of electric vehicles (EVs) by public and private entities alike [6][7][8]. The importance of the mass use of EVs is paramount as they reduce greenhouse gas emissions compared to conventional vehicles using fossil fuels [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Day Ahead Optimal Dispatch Schedule in a Smart Grid Containing Distributed Energy Resources and Electric Vehicles

Fotopoulou

Rakopoulos

Blanas

2021

Sensors

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This paper presents a day ahead optimal dispatch method for smart grids including two-axis tracking photovoltaic (PV) panels, wind turbines (WT), a battery energy storage system (BESS) and electric vehicles (EV), which serve as additional storage systems in vehicle to grid (V2G) mode. The aim of the day ahead schedule is the minimization of fuel-based energy, imported from the main grid. The feasibility of the proposed method lies on the extensive communication network of the smart grids, including sensors and metering devices, that provide valuable information regarding the production of the distributed energy resources (DER), the energy consumption and the behavior of EV users. The day ahead optimal dispatch method is applied on a smart grid in order to showcase its effectiveness in terms of sustainability, full exploitation of DER production and ability of EVs to act as prosumers.

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How a city prepares to e-mobility in terms of public charging infrastructure case study — The city of Zurich

Abstract: This study has been developed on behalf of ewz,

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

A Survey on Cyber-Physical Security of Active Distribution Networks in Smart Grids

A Survey on Cyber-Physical Security of Active Distribution Networks in Smart Grids

Interdisciplinary Analysis of Social Acceptance Regarding Electric Vehicles with a Focus on Charging Infrastructure and Driving Range in Germany

Day Ahead Optimal Dispatch Schedule in a Smart Grid Containing Distributed Energy Resources and Electric Vehicles

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