“…Minton (2012) has sought to make historical connections through describing programmes such as HMR as the 21 st Century equivalent of previous slum clearance initiatives. But this is to miss a key point, which is, despite all the controversy about HMR and Hope VI in the United States (see Flint, 2012;Goetz, 2013), these programmes represented a reinvigorated belief in the power of state planning, enacted through housing policy, to reshape cities (Judt, 2010). This was a belief with a lineage back to the birth of environmental improvement projects of the 19 th Century Victorian city (Smith, 1981).…”