Housework division and gender ideology: When do attitudes really matter?

Carriero, Renzo; Todesco, Lorenzo

doi:10.4054/demres.2018.39.39

Cited by 33 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Although economic rationality would dictate the adjustment of the division of housework, strong gender norms are likely to trump the economic rationality. Nevertheless, we suggest that though insufficient on their own, relative resources might still play an important part in explaining the division of household labor for couples who have more liberal views on his and her roles (Carriero & Todesco, 2018). Thus, we also test whether the effect of relative earnings is moderated by gender ideology.…”

Section: Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 91%

More Money, Less Housework? Relative Resources and Housework in the Czech Republic

Hamplová

Chaloupková

Topinková

2019

Journal of Family Issues

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The article explores the association between housework, earnings, and education. In contrast to the majority of existing studies from Western countries, this article tests the bargaining theory in the Czech Republic. Given the high female labor force participation coupled with a tendency for women to drop out of the labor market for several years after childbirth, the country provides an interesting context to test the theory. Using data from the first wave of the Czech Household Panel, we apply multilevel mixed-effect regressions and analyze the index expressing the relative division of housework between the male and female partners. We demonstrate that in this institutional context, economic factors such as the woman’s education and her absolute or relative earning have little explanatory power for the way housework is shared. Furthermore, we show that the man’s education is a better predictor of the division of housework than the woman’s education.

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Section: Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 91%

More Money, Less Housework? Relative Resources and Housework in the Czech Republic

Hamplová

Chaloupková

Topinková

2019

Journal of Family Issues

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“…We believe that promoting gender equality inside the household requires women's awareness about gender gaps and, more importantly, a cultural change in attitudes, together with the rise of woman's bargaining power inside the couple (to this respect see also Carriero and Todesco (2018) cited in Section 5). To change social norms and eliminate gender stereotypes about gender roles, the family and the school have a crucial role.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is clear that closing the large gender gap in market work that we document for the full sample would allow to increase Italian GDP substantially! Finally, we would like to report evidence from few recent papers that use Italian Time Use data to analyse gender gaps:Carriero and Todesco (2018), Zanella and De Rose (2019a; 2019b) Carriero and Todesco (2018). use the 2013-2014 Italian time-use survey to investigate whether women's ability to assert their egalitarian beliefs is linked to having sufficient personal resources in economic and cultural terms.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Italian Families in the 21st Century: Gender Gaps in Time Use and their Evolution

2020

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We provide novel estimates of gender differences in the allocation of time by Italian adults and document their trends over the span 2002-2014, pooling three time-use surveys run by the Italian National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT). The positive gap (females-males) in time devoted to Household work and the negative gap in Market work and Leisure are found to have narrowed over the observed period, mainly due to changes in women's time allocation, while the positive gap in time devoted to Child care remained substantially constant. In 2014, the sharing of family duties appears still heavily unbalanced even when we look at the subsample of full-time working parents. Full-time working mothers devote to Market work about 4 hours per week less than their partners, but they devote 14 hours per week more to Household work and 3 hours and a half more to Basic child care. This translates in 13 hours per week more total (paid and unpaid) work and 11 hours per week less Leisure. On the positive side, the gender gap in time devoted to Quality child care exhibits a reversed sign in 2014. The change is driven by weekend days, when partners of full-time working mothers become the main provider of this type of care.

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“…Others instead highlight that the influence of ideology only works at the micro and macro levels for women and is significant for men only at the country-level (Treas and Tai, 2016). Carriero and Todesco (2018) pointed out that a woman's gender egalitarian attitudes are related to a relevant reduction of housework if her earnings are equal to or larger than the man's or if she is highly educated, independently of her earnings. Greenstein (1996) determined that couples' egalitarian beliefs interact, showing that men's gender ideology had little or no improvement in housework dedication if one of them was very traditional, whereas an egalitarian division was achieved when both shared egalitarian beliefs.…”

Section: Gender-egalitarian Attitudes and Educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Division of housework within couples in Spain: consequences of educational differences and women’s gender-egalitarian beliefs

Canzio

2020

PapRevSoc

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Women in Spain are normally equally or more educated than their male partners. However, the gendered division of housework and paid work remains one of the most traditional ones in Europe. Using the 2018 Fertility Survey, I studied how the division of domestic work is affected by women's egalitarian attitudes and partners' relative incomes, and explored the effects of spouses' educational differences, looking at nine possible couple compositions. Two theories of housework division were contrasted: relative resources and doing gender. The results provided little support for the former and wide evidence of the latter. After controlling for relative work and relative wages (among others), only highly educated women do less housework. Nevertheless, it only happens when they are coupled with men that are not low educated. The results suggest that there is more equity if women with upper secondary education also have highly educated partners, but the association is not clear. Simultaneously, men increase their housework contribution if they earn more or the same as women, but not when women are the main earners. No influence of gender-egalitarian attitudes was found. These results contribute to understanding the consequences of educational differences between partners and is the first one to study the effects of gender-egalitarian attitudes on housework division in Spain. Significant limitations must be considered, namely, because of the use of a subjective indicator. The results are best interpreted as pointers for future analyses with time use surveys.

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Housework division and gender ideology: When do attitudes really matter?

Cited by 33 publications

References 58 publications

More Money, Less Housework? Relative Resources and Housework in the Czech Republic

More Money, Less Housework? Relative Resources and Housework in the Czech Republic

Italian Families in the 21st Century: Gender Gaps in Time Use and their Evolution

Division of housework within couples in Spain: consequences of educational differences and women’s gender-egalitarian beliefs

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