Household Solid Waste Composition Focusing on Hazardous Waste

Adamcová, Dana; Vaverková, Magdalena Daria; Stejskal, Bohdan; Břoušková, Eliška

doi:10.15244/pjoes/61011

Cited by 28 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Adamcová et al [12] and also Sebastian et al [9] point out that if households do not have good options for solid waste and also menstrual waste disposal, pressure may be exerted on sanitation systems. Flush toilets are expected to be the most vulnerable system to sanitary waste.…”

Section: Sanitation Systems and Menstruation Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practices of Managing Menstrual Hygiene by Girls in Public Boarding Secondary Schools - The Case of the Hhohho Region of Swaziland

Murye¹,

Mamba²

2017

Health Sci J

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A quantitative exploratory and descriptive study was carried out in the Hhohho region of Swaziland to describe the practices of managing menstrual hygiene by secondary school girls in boarding public schools. The researchers' curiosity was raised by the fact that, it was observed in a few schools that menstrual waste disposal was poorly managed. The study aimed at describing the manner at which the boarding school girls managed menstrual hygiene in order to recommend strategies to improve on the way they handled menstrual hygiene. Specifically, it investigated the methods used to contain, store, transport and dispose of menstrual waste and also ascertained the problems associated with the disposal of such wastes in the boarding schools. The data showed that, 100% of the girls use sanitary napkins for containing the menstrual blood and flush toilets were the main sanitary facilities that were provided by the schools. Menstrual wastes were mainly collect in bins placed in the toilets as 89% of the respondents indicated so. A large proportion (64%) of the respondents said the bins were collected on daily basis and the contents are burned in open spaces provided in the school premises as reported by 61.7% of the participants. It is concluded that menstrual hygiene is not properly managed by boarding secondary school girls as the current handling of such wastes exposes the girls and waste handlers to blood borne disease, the open burning pollutes the air and the blood being wet, could result in incomplete burning and thus threaten surface water sources. It is recommended that Government should integrate menstrual hygiene in WASH programmes in schools and the open burning of such wastes should be replaced by disposing them of in sanitary landfills or by incineration.

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Section: Sanitation Systems and Menstruation Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practices of Managing Menstrual Hygiene by Girls in Public Boarding Secondary Schools - The Case of the Hhohho Region of Swaziland

Murye¹,

Mamba²

2017

Health Sci J

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“…It was observed that water hardness had an adverse effect on washing and rubbing fastness when fabric was dyed with both turmeric and eucalyptus extracts. Therefore, based on this study, the use of mordanting/sequestering agent is suggested to enhance the dye uptake and previous studies also revealed a similar trend that mordanting/sequestering can be used to enhance the color strength and color properties [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36], and in view of current environmental pollution [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50], the natural sources should be preferred to avoid a negative impact on the environment.…”

Section: Color Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 66%

Hard Water and Dyeing Properties: Effect of Pre- and Post-Mordanting on Dyeing Using Eucalyptus globulus and Curcuma longa Extracts

Mahmood¹,

Ali²,

Qamar³

et al. 2017

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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Textile wet processing utilizes a huge amount of water, and the discharged water contains a significant amount of salts used in the pre-treatment, bleaching, dyeing, and printing processes [1][2][3][4]. Hard water affects the dyeing process and, using optimized dyeing conditions, the adverse effect of water hardness can be avoided by chelating the metal ions contributing to hardness through sequestering agents, i.e., polyphosphates or amino carboxylic acids [5][6][7][8].Pol. J. Environ. Stud. Vol. 26, No. 2 (2017), 747-753 Original AbstractA laboratory-scale study was performed for fostering an eco-friendly approach by substituting synthetic colorant with natural plant extracts as dye source in the presence of hard water (prepared from NaHCO 3 , MgSO 4 , CaSO 4 , and KCl). The dyeing behavior of cotton fabric was analyzed using extract from Eucalyptus globulus and Curcuma longa. Alum and ferrous sulphate were used as mordanting agents to mitigate the hard water effect on dyeing properties. The color strength and fastness properties of dyed cotton were studied. The hard water badly affected the color properties of fabric dyed with natural dyes. Mordant lessened the adverse effects of hard water, but not satisfactorily. The sequestering agent proved to be significant in mitigating the negative effect of hard water on fabric dyeing. Moreover, water hardness also adversely affected the extraction of natural dyes from Eucalyptus globulus and Curcuma longa; however, dye exhaustion was improved by mordant and the sequestering agent. Results revealed that the negative impact of hard water on dyeing properties can be mitigated using a sequestering agent.

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“…contains hazardous and potentially hazardous household waste on which there are no available data [11]. This municipal landfi ll does not meet the criteria of modern municipal waste management, as waste disposal has not been conducted adequately and in a planned manner, waste has not been properly covered with inert material, its capacities have been exhausted, and environmental protection has not been fully provided.…”

Section: Locationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Fire Hazards Due to Landfill Gas Generation and Emission

Milošević¹,

Mihajlović²,

Djordjevic³

et al. 2018

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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The last and the only national-level data on waste composition and amount in Serbia dates back to 2010, when the Serbian Government adopted a waste management strategy from 2010 to 2019. With representative samples from 160 municipalities, it was estimated that 0.87 kg/ capita/day of waste was generated in Serbia, which amounted to 318 t/day [1]. By comparison, waste generation in Turkey (Kocaeli) is 0.92 kg/capita/day, in Austria (Vienna) 1.50 kg/capita/day, and in the USA (New York) it is 2.58 kg/capita/day [2]. The number of landfi ll fi res in Nišava County, which comprises 71 settlements and more than 260,000 residents, is highly signifi cant, as indicated by the statistical data of the Sector for Emergency Management, Niš offi ce, for the period between 2009 and 2016, according to which 7.56% of all open-space fi res [3] and 5.60% of all fi res in total were landfi ll fi res. Over the last seven years, out of 7,535 openspace fi res, 570 occurred in sanitary, non-sanitary, and illegal landfi lls. The numbers of landfi ll fi res in Nišava County by year are given in Table 1. According to these numbers, it is evident that the number of fi res has been declining in recent years as a result of improved landfi ll fi re prevention, implementation, and adherence to laws, analyses of previous fi res, learning from previous experience, better citizen cooperation, etc. As opposed to surface fi res, which are instantly noticeable, underground landfi ll fi res occur under the Pol. J. Environ. Stud. Vol. 27, No. 1 (2018) AbstractSince the identifi cation of fi re hazards in landfi lls has not been suffi ciently investigated and studied, the goal of this research is to present a methodological approach to the issue. This paper defi nes fi re occurrence indicators, which are considered as one of the risk factors of underground and/or surface fi res in non-sanitary landfi lls. In this study, fi re hazards are identifi ed in terms of present landfi ll gas concentrations and gas well temperatures monitored by a thermal imaging camera at the nonsanitary landfi ll "Bubanj" in Niš, Serbia, which has been in service for 49 years. Landfi ll gas concentrations at the landfi ll were measured from May to October 2015. The paper also presents ambient air temperatures, which infl uence landfi ll gas and gas well temperatures, a necessary factor of landfi ll fi res.Signifi cant fi re predictors for the landfi ll body have been determined based on all the temperatures and concentrations of landfi ll gas components measured using the statistical method of logistic regression.

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Household Solid Waste Composition Focusing on Hazardous Waste

Cited by 28 publications

References 22 publications

Practices of Managing Menstrual Hygiene by Girls in Public Boarding Secondary Schools - The Case of the Hhohho Region of Swaziland

Practices of Managing Menstrual Hygiene by Girls in Public Boarding Secondary Schools - The Case of the Hhohho Region of Swaziland

Hard Water and Dyeing Properties: Effect of Pre- and Post-Mordanting on Dyeing Using Eucalyptus globulus and Curcuma longa Extracts

Identification of Fire Hazards Due to Landfill Gas Generation and Emission

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