Household level fuel switching in rural Hubei

Wave transition in household energy use

“…At the same time, that study shows that less than 10% of households have abandoned the use of biomass, and biomass is used less in absolute terms only by the wealthiest households, supporting the energy ladder model [13]. Démurger and Fournier [14] strongly support the argument that economic wealth owned by a household is a significant and negative determinant of firewood consumption.…”

“…Using a cross-sectional survey data from households in Hubei Province of China, Peng [13] confirms that the energy stacking model is a more accurate description of household energy transition than the energy ladder model. At the same time, that study shows that less than 10% of households have abandoned the use of biomass, and biomass is used less in absolute terms only by the wealthiest households, supporting the energy ladder model [13].…”

“…If carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuels are considered as one proxy of energy consumption, then Energy-EKC is also observed in some countries by some studies on EKC, focusing on carbon dioxide emissions [13,30,31]. Energy-EKC can be considered a bell-shaped curve without the tails on both sides.…”

Household fuel choice in urban China: evidence from panel data

“…Few studies have employed panel data (e.g., Mekonnen and Köhlin, 2008). Regarding the studies on China, most of them are based on aggregate statistics, on surveys conducted in certain provinces or counties, or on rural households (ESMAP, 1996;Wang and Feng, 1997;Chen et al, 2006;Peng et al, 2010;Zhang and Kotani, 2012). Based on aggregate statistics and descriptive statistical tests, Cai and Jiang (2008) tested the energy ladder hypothesis by comparing the energy consumption pattern of rural households with that of urban households.…”

“…Their results show that urban households use fuel that is more convenient, cleaner and more efficient than that used in rural areas, where biomass and coal are common fuel. Peng et al (2010) studied household-level fuel switching using cross-sectional data from rural Hubei. They found that fuel use varies enormously across geographic regions due to disparities in availability of different energy sources.…”