Household energy consumption: Community context and the fuelwood transition

Link, Cynthia F.; Axinn, William G.; Ghimire, Dirgha J.

doi:10.1016/j.ssresearch.2011.12.007

Cited by 60 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(87 reference statements)

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“…Subsistence practices dominate and even shop owners and others employed in non-farm ventures typically have tight connections to the environment through livestock or fuel use for the home (Link, Axinn, and Ghimire 2012). In fact, about three-quarters of the neighborhoods in this study harvested and grazed animals in the surrounding forest areas of Chitwan Valley (Matthews, Shivakoti, & Chhetri 2000).…”

Section: Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Natural resource collection and desired family size: a longitudinal test of environment-population theories

Brauner-Otto

Axinn

2017

Popul Environ

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Theories relating the changing environment to human fertility predict declining natural resources may actually increase the demand for children. Unfortunately most previous empirical studies have been limited to cross-sectional designs that limit our ability to understand links between processes that change over time. We take advantage of longitudinal measurement spanning more than a decade of change in the natural environment, household agricultural behaviors, and individual fertility preferences to reexamine this question. Using fixed-effects models, we find that women experiencing increasing time required to collect firewood to heat and cook or fodder to feed animals (the dominant needs for natural resources in this setting) increased their desired family size, even as many other macro-level changes have reduced desired family size. In contrast to previous, cross-sectional studies we find no evidence of such a relationship for men. Our findings regarding time spent collecting firewood are also new. These results support the “vicious circle” perspective and economic theories of fertility pointing to the value of children for household labor. This feedback from natural resource constraint to increased fertility is an important mechanism for understanding long term environmental change.

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Section: Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, as in many poor, agricultural societies, women in Nepal are typically tasked with gathering fuel and fodder (Agarwal 1994; Bennet 1983; Link et al 2012). However, there is variation across resources.…”

Section: Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural resource collection and desired family size: a longitudinal test of environment-population theories

Brauner-Otto

Axinn

2017

Popul Environ

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“…In Chitwan, forest resource use has also been found to be significantly associated with ethnicity. Lower caste Hindus and Terai Tibeto-Burmese ethnic groups, typically considered to be politically and economically marginalized groups, depend more on fuelwood than do higher caste Hindus and Hill TibetoBurmese, who appear to have greater access to alternative fuel sources such as electricity (Link et al 2012). …”

Section: Human Impacts On Wildlifementioning

confidence: 99%

Coupled human and natural systems approach to wildlife research and conservation

Carter¹,

Viña²,

Hull³

et al. 2014

E&S

113

102

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ABSTRACT. Conserving wildlife while simultaneously meeting the resource needs of a growing human population is a major sustainability challenge. As such, using combined social and environmental perspectives to understand how people and wildlife are interlinked, together with the mechanisms that may weaken or strengthen those linkages, is of utmost importance. However, such integrated information is lacking. To help fill this information gap, we describe an integrated coupled human and natural systems (CHANS) approach for analyzing the patterns, causes, and consequences of changes in wildlife population and habitat, human population and land use, and their interactions. Using this approach, we synthesize research in two sites, Wolong Nature Reserve in China and Chitwan National Park in Nepal, to explicate key relationships between people and two globally endangered wildlife conservation icons, the giant panda and the Bengal tiger. This synthesis reveals that local resident characteristics such as household socioeconomics and demography, as well as community-level attributes such as resource management organizations, affect wildlife and their habitats in complex and even countervailing ways. Human impacts on wildlife and their habitats are in turn modifying the suite of ecosystem services that they provide to local residents in both sites, including access to forest products and cultural values. These interactions are further complicated by human and natural disturbance (e.g., civil wars, earthquakes), feedbacks (including policies), and telecouplings (socioeconomic and environmental interactions over distances) that increasingly link the focal systems with other distant systems. We highlight several important implications of using a CHANS approach for wildlife research and conservation that is useful not only in China and Nepal but in many other places around the world facing similar challenges.

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“…In general, as the economic status of a household improves, so does the ability of households to purchase or obtain cleaner sources of energy. In other words, increases in household income can lead to climbs up the "energy ladder" (e.g., Burke, 2013;Link et al, 2012;Heltberg, 2004;Pandey & Chaubal, 2011). Similarly, a relatively small body of research conducted at the national level highlights that as GDP per capita increases, use of solid fuels decreases (e.g., Burke, 2013;Knight & Rosa, 2012).…”

Section: Solid Fuel Use In Developing Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Choking on Structural Adjustment: Dependency and Exposure to Indoor Air Pollution in Developing Countries

Austin

McCarthy²

2016

WJSSR

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Indoor air pollution represents a global health crisis, leading to 4.3 million deaths annually. Despite widespread variation in solid fuel burning across developing nations, little is known about the large scale socio-economic causes. We draw on theories of political-economy to consider the role of economic, social, and environmental predictors on solid fuel use, with a special focus on structural adjustment, debt service, and agricultural production. Utilizing a sample of 75 developing nations, we find that these economic dependencies increase solid fuel use. Thus, current neoliberal development strategies enhance vulnerabilities to indoor air pollution for millions of people in impoverished nations.

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Household energy consumption: Community context and the fuelwood transition

Cited by 60 publications

References 50 publications

Natural resource collection and desired family size: a longitudinal test of environment-population theories

Natural resource collection and desired family size: a longitudinal test of environment-population theories

Coupled human and natural systems approach to wildlife research and conservation

Choking on Structural Adjustment: Dependency and Exposure to Indoor Air Pollution in Developing Countries

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