Household COVID-19 risk and in-person schooling

Lessler, Justin; Grabowski, M Kate; Grantz, Kyra H.; Badillo-Goicoechea, Elena; Metcalf, C. Jessica E.; Lupton‐Smith, Carly; Azman, Andrew S.; Stuart, Elizabeth A.

doi:10.1126/science.abh2939

Cited by 194 publications

(144 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This paper adds to our understanding of the relationship between COVID-19 mitigation and school safety in the US (Lessler et al, 2021;Varma et al, 2021;Zimmerman et al, 2021;van den Berg et al, 2021). We would emphasize that in general this literature suggests in-person school can be operated safely with appropriate mitigation, which typically includes universal masking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

COVID-19 Mitigation Practices and COVID-19 Rates in Schools: Report on Data from Florida, New York and Massachusetts

Oster

Jack

Halloran

et al. 2021

Preprint

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This paper reports on the correlation of mitigation practices with staff and student COVID-19 case rates in Florida, New York, and Massachusetts during the 2020-2021 school year. We analyze data collected by the COVID-19 School Response Dashboard and focus on student density, ventilation upgrades, and masking. We find higher student COVID-19 rates in schools and districts with lower in-person density but no correlations in staff rates. Ventilation upgrades are correlated with lower rates in Florida but not in New York. We do not find any correlations with mask mandates. All rates are lower in the spring, after teacher vaccination is underway

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

COVID-19 Mitigation Practices and COVID-19 Rates in Schools: Report on Data from Florida, New York and Massachusetts

Oster

Jack

Halloran

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Mitigation measures have been established for schools to reopen across the United Kingdom, including mask wearing and testing 68 , and after the reopening in both instances cases still went down 69 . Indeed, several studies worldwide have found that mitigation measures allow to reopen schools safely 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 . Lessler et al 70 found that even implementing low levels of in-school mitigation measures COVID-19 outcomes were reduced.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, several studies worldwide have found that mitigation measures allow to reopen schools safely 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 . Lessler et al 70 found that even implementing low levels of in-school mitigation measures COVID-19 outcomes were reduced. On average, each measure implemented was associated with a 9% decrease in the odds of COVID-19-like illness 70 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review of empirical studies comparing the effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions against COVID-19

Méndez-Brito

Bcheraoui

Pozo-Martin

2021

Journal of Infection

208

151

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Objectives To evaluate which non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) have been more and less effective in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods We performed a systematic review of published and unpublished empirical studies, either observational or interventional, analysing the comparative effectiveness of NPIs against the COVID-19 pandemic. We searched Embase/Medline and medRxiv to identify the relevant literature. Results We identified 34 studies. During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, school closing was the most effective NPI, followed by workplace closing, business and venue closing and public event bans. Public information campaigns and mask wearing requirements were also effective in controlling the pandemic while being less disruptive for the population than other NPIs. There was no evidence on the effectiveness of public transport closure, testing and contact tracing strategies and quarantining or isolation of individuals. Early implementation was associated with a higher effectiveness in reducing COVID-19 cases and deaths, while general stringency of the NPIs was not. Conclusions In this systematic review, we found that school closing, followed by workplace closing, business and venue closing and public event bans were the most effective NPIs in controlling the spread of COVID-19. An early response and a combination of specific social distancing measures are effective at reducing COVID-19 cases and deaths. Continuous monitoring of NPIs effectiveness is needed in order to adapt decision making.

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“…ACIP determined that COVID-19 in adolescents is a major public health problem. Adolescents represent a growing proportion of new COVID-19 cases reported to CDC § § and have been shown to contribute to household transmission(6). As of May 1, 2021, the cumulative COVID-19-associated hospitalization rate for adolescents aged 12-17 years was 51.3 per 100,000 population, ¶ ¶ which is higher than the influenza-associated hospitalization rate for the same age group during the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic (23.9 per 100,000 population).The GRADE evidence profile and EtR supporting evidence are available at https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/acip/ recs/grade/covid-19-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-12-15-years.html and https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/acip/recs/grade/covid-19pfizer-biontech-etr-12-15-years.html.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices’ Interim Recommendation for Use of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine in Adolescents Aged 12–15 Years — United States, May 2021

Wallace¹,

Woodworth²,

Gargano³

et al. 2021

MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep.

138

100

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On May 14, 2021, this report was posted as an MMWR Early Release on the MMWR website (https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr).The Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 (BNT162b2) vaccine is a lipid nanoparticle-formulated, nucleoside-modified mRNA vaccine encoding the prefusion spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. Vaccination with the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine consists of 2 intramuscular doses (30 μg, 0.3 mL each) administered 3 weeks apart. On December 11, 2020, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued an Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) for use of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine (Pfizer, Inc; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) in persons aged ≥16 years (1); on December 12, 2020, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) issued an interim recommendation for use of the vaccine in the same age group (2). As of May 12, 2021, approximately 141.6 million doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine had been administered to persons aged ≥16 years.* On May 10, 2021, FDA expanded the EUA for the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine to include adolescents aged 12-15 years (1). On May 12, 2021, ACIP issued an interim recommendation † for use of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine in adolescents aged 12-15 years for the prevention of COVID-19. To guide its deliberations regarding the vaccine, ACIP used the Evidence to Recommendation (EtR) Framework, § using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. ¶ The ACIP recommendation for the use of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine in persons aged ≥12 years under an EUA is interim and will be updated as additional information becomes available.Since June 2020, ACIP has convened 14 public meetings to review data on the epidemiology of COVID-19 and the potential use of COVID-19 vaccines, including the Pfizer-BioNTech * Accessed May 12, 2021. https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#vaccinations † On May 12, 2021, ACIP voted 14-0 (one recusal) in favor of the interim recommendation for use of Pfizer BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine for persons aged 12-15 years. One ACIP member recused herself because of participation in clinical trials and other studies involving companies producing COVID-19 vaccines. §

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Household COVID-19 risk and in-person schooling

Cited by 194 publications

References 21 publications

COVID-19 Mitigation Practices and COVID-19 Rates in Schools: Report on Data from Florida, New York and Massachusetts

COVID-19 Mitigation Practices and COVID-19 Rates in Schools: Report on Data from Florida, New York and Massachusetts

Systematic review of empirical studies comparing the effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions against COVID-19

The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices’ Interim Recommendation for Use of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine in Adolescents Aged 12–15 Years — United States, May 2021

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