House Production by Oikopleura dioica (Tunicata, Appendicularia) Under Laboratory Conditions

Sato, Riki; Tanaka, Yuji; Ishimaru, Takashi

doi:10.1093/plankt/23.4.415

Cited by 79 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Appendicularians are one of the most abundant and frequent zooplankters in coastal tropical environments (Alldredge 1972, 1976, Sato et al 2001. They are reported as an important food-link and as common prey for chaetognaths and fish larvae (Feigenbaum and Maris 1984).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Composition and abundance of zooplankton groups from a coral reef lagoon in Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo, Mexico, during an annual cycle

Álvarez-Cadena¹,

Ordóñez-López²,

Almaral-Mendívil³

et al. 2007

RBT

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These urochordates have short generation times, and the importance of these animals as contributors to the high productivity in reef areas has been recognized. Sato et al (2001) reported a generation time for "houses" of Oikopleura dioica between 6 (at 15 ºC) and 3 days (at 25 ºC).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition and abundance of zooplankton groups from a coral reef lagoon in Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo, Mexico, during an annual cycle

Álvarez-Cadena¹,

Ordóñez-López²,

Almaral-Mendívil³

et al. 2007

RBT

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“…Appendicularians can process large amounts of food in a short time, and their wastes are extruded in short time intervals as faecal pellets (López-Urrutia & Acuña 1999). Some of these faecal pellets, together with uneaten particles, eventually clog the house, which is then abandoned and replaced by a new house, approximately 4 to 6 times per day (Deibel 1988, Alldredge 1992, Hansen et al 1996, Sato et al 2001. Thus, appendicularian houses together with their faecal pellets may constitute an important component of marine snow (Alldredge & Gotschalk 1990, Hansen et al 1996.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The carbon content of copepod and appendicularian pellets was calculated using the ratios 0.042 and 0.057 mg C mm -3 , respectively, reported by for Bjørnafjoden, Norway. The carbon content of fresh appendicularian houses was estimated to be 15.3% of body carbon (Sato et al 2001). Ash-free dry weight (AFDW, µg) was estimated from individual trunk lengths by using the length-weight-regression equation given by Paffenhöfer (1976).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of copepods versus appendicularians in vertical carbon fluxes in a Swedish fjord

Vargas¹,

Tönnesson²,

Sell³

et al. 2002

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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We examined and quantified the contributions of copepods and appendicularians to the vertical flux of carbon during autumn and spring in Gullmar Fjord (west coast of Sweden). Faecal pellet-production rate was determined for major copepod and appendicularian species. In addition, house-production rates were estimated for the appendicularian Oikopleura dioica. Vertical flux of pigments, faecal carbon and appendicularian houses were measured using short-term (24 h) deployments of sediment traps at 2 depths (15 and 30 m). Copepods dominated the community biomass in both spring and autumn and their pellets dominated the faecal carbon flux. O. dioica houses with attached detritus were an important component of the biogenic carbon flux in October (15.3 mg C m -2 d -1), equalling the contribution from copepods at 15 m and 50% of the flux at 30 m. At that time, we observed a loss rate of 70% d -1 of the houses produced in the water column. In the spring, although Fritillaria borealis dominated the appendicularians, its houses did not appear to contribute to the biogenic flux. Our results suggest that oikopleurids and fritillariids may not operate equivalently in biogeochemical cycles. Because of the significant contribution of appendicularians to carbon fluxes, they should be incorporated in future flow models of coastal oceans KEY WORDS: Carbon flux · Appendicularians · Copepods · Faecal pellet production · Marine snow Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 241: [125][126][127][128][129][130][131][132][133][134][135][136][137][138] 2002 extruded in short time intervals as faecal pellets (López-Urrutia & Acuña 1999). Some of these faecal pellets, together with uneaten particles, eventually clog the house, which is then abandoned and replaced by a new house, approximately 4 to 6 times per day (Deibel 1988, Alldredge 1992, Hansen et al. 1996, Sato et al. 2001. Thus, appendicularian houses together with their faecal pellets may constitute an important component of marine snow (Alldredge & Gotschalk 1990, Hansen et al. 1996. Furthermore, due to the high efficiency with which appendicularians ingest nanoplankton and picoplankton (King et al. 1980, Deibel 1988, Deibel & Lee 1992, Acuña et al. 1996, they constitute a pathway through which small cells that otherwise do not sink may be transported out of the euphotic zone. Consequently, when appendicularians are abundant, small phytoplankton cells may contribute much more to the vertical flux than when the community is dominated by copepods (Urban et al. 1992, Hansen et al. 1996.Oikopleura and Fritillaria species are abundant pelagic tunicates in coastal waters (e.g. Acuña et al. 1995, Gorsky et al. 2000. On the western Norwegian coast, O. dioica is one of the most widely distributed species (Gorsky et al. 2000). In the Kattegat, appendicularians also represent an important component of the zooplankton community during the autumn and spring blooms (Nielsen & Hansen 1999). The abundance of copepods in these bo...

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“…It is known that the house renewal rate of appendicularians increases linearly as salinity decreases; an increment of from 46 to 53 houses per animal corresponds to a 35 to 25 salinity decline. As a consequence, the daily house production, which corresponds to 130 -290% of the appendicularians' biomass, is favored in estuarine environments (SATO et al, 2001). According to Fenaux (1998), discarded appendicularian houses are a significant source of macroscopic aggregates or marine snow, in which bacteria, cyanobacteria, ciliates and flagellates are embedded.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of Oikopleura dioica (Tunicata, Appendicularia) associated with a coastal frontal system (39°- 41°S) of the SW Atlantic Ocean in the spawning area of Engraulis anchoita anchovy

et al. 2013

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Among tunicates, the small planktonic appendicularians generally comprise a significant fraction of the mesozooplankton in frontal systems. The summer 2011 distribution (vertical and spatial) of Oikopleura dioica was studied in terms of abundance, biomass, estimation of egg production and population structure in the different sectors of the El Rincón coastal front, in the light of thermal and salinity gradients. Peaks of abundance of Engraulis anchoita larvae were compared to O. dioica patterns. Samples were collected with plankton nets of 67 µm and 200 µm at two layers, below and above the thermocline depth. CTD data profiles were also recorded. During this campaign high salinity waters were predominant in the estuarine area. Conversely, a thermal stratification was found, being more marked at the external stations of the front where the highest densities and biomass of O. dioica coincided with the highest E. anchoita larvae densities. The size structure of O. dioica was also associated with the thermal gradient. The smaller sizes were found in the homogeneous area at the coast where the temperature was higher around 22ºC. This front constitutes a suitable environment for O. dioica reproduction enhancing the survival rate and growth of several small pelagic fishes such as E. anchoita. R E S U M OEntre os tunicados, as pequenas apendiculárias planctônicas geralmente compreendem uma fração significativa do mesozooplâncton nos sistemas frontais. Foi estudada a distribuição (vertical e espacial) durante o verão de 2011 de Oikopleura dioica, em termos de abundância, biomassa, estimativa da produção de ovos e estrutura da população em diferentes setores da frente costeiro de El Rincón, segundo os gradientes de temperatura e salinidade. Picos de abundância de larvas de Engraulis anchoita foram comparados com os padrões de O. dioica. As amostras foram coletadas com redes planctônicas de 67 e 200 µm em duas profundidades, acima e abaixo da termoclina. Também foram registrados perfis de dados obtidos com CTD. Durante essa campanha, aguas de alta salinidade foram predominantes na área estuarina. No entanto, foi encontrada uma estratificação térmica, sendo mais acentuado nas estações externas da frente, onde as maiores densidades e biomassa de O. dioica foram registradas, coincidindo também com as maiores densidades de larvas de E. anchoita. A distribuição de tamanhos de O. dioica também foi associada ao gradiente térmico. Os menores tamanhos foram encontrados na região mais homogênea da costa, onde a temperatura apresentou cerca de 22ºC. Essa frente é um ambiente propício para a reprodução de O. dioica o que favorece também o aumento da sobrevivência e o crescimento de muitas espécies de pequenos peixes pelágicos, tais como E. anchoita.

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House Production by Oikopleura dioica (Tunicata, Appendicularia) Under Laboratory Conditions

Cited by 79 publications

References 19 publications

Composition and abundance of zooplankton groups from a coral reef lagoon in Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo, Mexico, during an annual cycle

Composition and abundance of zooplankton groups from a coral reef lagoon in Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo, Mexico, during an annual cycle

Importance of copepods versus appendicularians in vertical carbon fluxes in a Swedish fjord

Distribution of Oikopleura dioica (Tunicata, Appendicularia) associated with a coastal frontal system (39°- 41°S) of the SW Atlantic Ocean in the spawning area of Engraulis anchoita anchovy

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