House dust mite and cockroach exposure are strong risk factors for positive allergy skin test responses in the Childhood Asthma Management Program

Huss, Karen; Adkinson, N. F.; Eggleston, Peyton A.; Dawson, Christopher A.; Natta, Mark L. Van; Hamilton, Robert G.

doi:10.1067/mai.2001.111146

Cited by 259 publications

(173 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…From prior research, it would appear that the presence of insects is the likely cause of the association [44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The In-Home Environment and Household Health: A Cross-Sectional Study of Informal Urban Settlements in Northern México

Barud

et al. 2005

IJERPH

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People living in poverty make up nearly half of the global population and a large proportion of these individuals inhabit cities, living in informal settlements. However, only limited research on in-home environmental exposures and the associated health effects in these communities is available. This research investigates the home environment in unplanned settlements of a rapidly growing city on the U.S.-México border and its impact on the health of households with children under 12 years of age. A cross-sectional design was used to assess household exposures and health outcomes at the household level. A total of 202 households were selected from two informal settlements in the peri-urban region of Ciudad Juárez, México. The following variables were significantly associated with the report of at least one household member experiencing a health outcome in a two week period. Allergies were positively associated with insecticide use inside the home (adjusted Relative Odds (RO), 2.71; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.2-6.3). Respiratory problems were associated with households using a wood burning stove vs. a gas stove (adjusted RO, 5.64; 95% CI, 1.1-27.9). Diarrhea was negatively associated with presence of a flush toilet in the home (adjusted RO, 0.22; 95% CI,0.1-0.6). Finally, eye irritations were positively associated with indoor tobacco smoke (adjusted RO, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.1-4.5). This research highlights exposures associated with poor living conditions in informal settlements and their associations with detrimental effects on health. More efforts should be made to understand the dynamics of poor urban environments including the health effects of exposures linked with poor housing conditions.

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“…From prior research, it would appear that the presence of insects is the likely cause of the association [44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The In-Home Environment and Household Health: A Cross-Sectional Study of Informal Urban Settlements in Northern México

Barud

et al. 2005

IJERPH

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“…36 In all, increased exposure to allergens, particularly dust mites and cockroaches, is related to an increased risk for the development of asthma. [37][38][39] Building Level While researchers have established that asthma is an ever-growing burden, more so for some USA communities than others, they have not yet firmly delineated the issues that put people at highest risk for being exposed to indoor allergens, and/or developing asthma. Most asthma research in the USA focuses on in-unit and other individual-level triggers, with a few exceptions.…”

Section: Asthma and Indoor Allergensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Building-Level Characteristics Associated with Indoor Allergens in the Household?

et al. 2011

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Building-level characteristics are structural factors largely beyond the control of those who live in them. We explored whether building-level characteristics and indoor allergens in the household are related. We examined the relationship between building-level characteristics and indoor allergens: dust mite, cat, cockroach, and mouse. Building-level characteristics measured were presence of pests (seeing cockroaches and rodents), building type (public housing, buildings zoned commercially and residentially, and building size), and building condition (building age and violations). Allergen cutpoints were used for categorical analyses and defined as follows: dust mite: 90.25 μg/g; cat: 91 μg/g; cockroach: 91 U/g; mouse: 91.6 μg/g. In fully adjusted linear analyses, neither dust mite nor cat allergen were statistically significantly associated with any building-level characteristics. Cockroach allergen was associated with the presence of cockroaches (2.07; 95% CI, 1.23, 3.49) and living in public housing (2.14; 95% CI, 1.07, 4.31). Mouse allergen was associated with the presence of rodents (1.70; 95% CI, 1.29, 2.23), and building size: living in a low-rise (G8 floors; 0.60; 95% CI, 0.42, 0.87) or high-rise (8+floors; 0.50; 95% CI, 0.29, 0.88; compared with house/duplex). In fully adjusted logistic analyses, cat allergen was statistically significantly associated with living in a high-rise (6.29; 95% CI, 1.51, 26.21; compared with a house/duplex). Mouse allergen was associated with living in public housing (6.20; 95% CI, 1.01, 37.95) and building size: living in a low-rise (0.16; 95% CI, 0.05, 0.52) or high-rise (0.06; 95% CI, 0.01, 0.50; compared with a house/duplex). Issues concerning building size and public housing may be particularly critical factors in reducing asthma morbidity. We suggest that future research explore the possible improvement of these factors through changes to building code and violations adherence, design standards, and incentives for landlords.

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“…6 Allergen exposure is dependent on many factors, including local climatic conditions. [7][8][9] The Inner City Asthma Study (ICAS) characterized the home environment of asthmatic children in seven low-income urban areas in the USA. 10 An important finding was that indoor allergen levels and skin test reactivity among inner-city asthmatics vary significantly by geographic location.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Indoor Allergen Exposures among New Orleans Children with Asthma

et al. 2007

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Studies of inner-city asthmatic children have shown significant regional variation in dust allergen exposures. The home environment of asthmatic children in the Gulf South region of the USA has not been characterized. This study describes indoor dust allergen levels in the homes of 86 asthmatic children in New Orleans and explores regional variability in dust allergen exposure. Data were used from baseline home visits of children in the New Orleans Healthy Homes Initiative. Interview, visual observation, and environmental dust sampling data of 86 children between 4 and 17 years of age were analyzed. Seventy-seven percent of households had moderate (92.0-9.9 mg/g) or high (Q10.0 mg/g) levels of either Der p 1 or Der f 1 dust mite allergen and 56.6% had moderate (92.0-8.0 U/g) or high (98.0 U/g) levels of cockroach allergen (Bla g 1). The prevalence of high (910 mg/g) levels of dog (Can f 1) allergen was 26.5%, and few households (6.0%) had high cat allergen (Fel d 1) levels (98.0 mg/g). Households with average humidity levels 950% were three times more likely to have elevated dust mite levels (odds ratio=3.2; 95% confidence interval=1.1, 9.3; p=0.03). Home ownership and education level were inversely associated with cockroach and dust mite allergen levels, respectively. Our findings reinforce the evidence of regional variability in dust allergen exposure levels. Asthmatic children living in the Gulf South are exposed to multiple indoor allergen exposures and live in a highly allergenic environment.

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House dust mite and cockroach exposure are strong risk factors for positive allergy skin test responses in the Childhood Asthma Management Program

Cited by 259 publications

References 28 publications

The In-Home Environment and Household Health: A Cross-Sectional Study of Informal Urban Settlements in Northern México

The In-Home Environment and Household Health: A Cross-Sectional Study of Informal Urban Settlements in Northern México

Are Building-Level Characteristics Associated with Indoor Allergens in the Household?

Prevalence of Indoor Allergen Exposures among New Orleans Children with Asthma

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