Hours of Work, Labor Productivity, and Environmental Conditions: A Case Study

Crocker, Thomas D.; Horst, R.L.

doi:10.2307/1924353

Cited by 30 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…12 Crocker and Horst (1981) 14 Note that Pemex made up the dierence after the closure by importing gasoline. However, as Pemex was a public company, the increased cost of procuring gas was not passed on to customers.…”

Section: Productivity Eectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Crocker and Horst (1981) and Gra and Neidell (2011) both show empirically that changes in pollution are linked to increases in productivity for farm workers. Given our empirical strategy, we cannot isolate what fraction, if any, of the observed changes in hours worked can be explained by changes in productivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While this does not take full advantage of the variation in distance, it provides a simple interpretation of the eect of the closure. In Column 2, we present the estimate of θ 1 from Equation (8). Column 3 replicates the analysis in Column 2, but additionally includes demographic controls an indicator variable each for gender and age, a set of indicator variables for educational attainment, and a set of indicator variables for marital status.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The effect of pollution on labor supply: Evidence from a natural experiment in Mexico City

Hanna

Oliva

2015

Journal of Public Economics

443

113

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Moderate eects of pollution on health may exert an important inuence on labor market decisions. We exploit exogenous variation in pollution due to the closure of a large renery in Mexico City to understand how pollution impacts labor supply. The closure led to an 8 percent decline in pollution in the surrounding neighborhoods. We nd that a one percent increase in sulfur dioxide results in a 0.72 percent decrease in the hours worked. The eects do not appear to be driven by labor demand shocks nor dierential migration as a result of the closure in the areas located near the renery.

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Section: Productivity Eectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of pollution on labor supply: Evidence from a natural experiment in Mexico City

Hanna

Oliva

2015

Journal of Public Economics

443

113

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“…We thus assume that workers are exposed to a work environment with reasonably well-functioning tempera-ture controls (we qualify the statement given the age of the system). This allows us to directly control for a typical confounder-ambient temperature-encountered in studies of air pollution on health and labor outcomes (e.g., Crocker and Horst, 1981). According to management, heating and air-conditioning systems are the norm in this industry and this part of China, in part because extreme temperatures might damage inputs (e.g., machines, yarn, labor) and outputs (fabric).…”

Section: Data and Descriptive Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using a dataset that contains the daily work performance and operating environment of citrus pickers in southern California in 1973/74, Crocker and Horst (1981) find that in-sample ozone pollution reduces the productivity of the outdoor workers by up to 2%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe Air Pollution and Labor Productivity

Liu

Salvo

2015

SSRN Journal

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. www.econstor.eu Terms of use: Documents in D I S C U S S I O N P A P E R S E R I E S ABSTRACT Severe Air Pollution and Labor ProductivityWe examine day-to-day fluctuations in worker-level output over 15 months for a panel of 98 manufacturing workers at a plant located in an industrial city in Hebei province, north China. Long-term workers earn piece-rate wages, with no base pay or minimum pay, for homogeneous tasks performed over fixed 8-hour shifts. Over the sample period, ambient fine-particle (PM2.5) mass concentrations measured at an outdoor air monitor located 2 km from the plant ranged between 10 and 773 micrograms per cubic meter (µg/m 3 , 8-hour means), variation that is an order of magnitude larger than what is observed in the rich world today. We document large reductions in productivity, of the order of 15%, over the first 200 µg/m 3 rise in PM2.5 concentrations, with the drop leveling off for further increases in fineparticle pollution. A back-of-the-envelope calculation suggests that labor productivity across 190 Chinese cities could rise by on average 4% per year were the distributions of hourly PM2.5 truncated at 25 µg/m 3 . We also find reduced product quality as pollution rises. Our model allows for selection into work attendance, though we do not find particle pollution to be a meaningful determinant of non-attendance, which is very low in our labor setting. Subsequent research should verify the external validity of our findings. JEL Classification:J24, Q51, Q52, Q53, O44, R11

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