Hot Springs Cyanobacteria Endowed with Biological Activities for Cosmetic Applications: Evaluation of On-Site Collected Communities and Isolated Strains

Abstract

Microbial communities growing around hot springs (bioglea), of which cyanobacteria are the main components, contribute to beneficial properties of thermal muds and often enter cosmetic treatment products. Bioglea is obtainable via alternative approaches to harvesting from nature: direct cultivation of whole communities and isolation and cultivation of the isolated strains. Cultivation represents a step towards industrial production, guaranteeing higher availability, quality and safety. In this work, the biochemical composition of natural and cultivated bioglea collected in different hot springs and of cyanobacterial strains isolated thereof was analysed. Lipophilic and hydrophilic extracts were tested for antimicrobial and radical scavenging activities and toxicity against Artemia salina. Higher antimicrobial activity was found in lipophilic than hydrophilic bioglea extracts and the opposite in isolates’ extracts. Thermal water extracts also showed some activity. No toxicity was observed. Bioglea radical scavenging activity positively correlated with carotenoids (lipophilic extracts) and phycobiliproteins (hydrophilic extracts). No correlation was observed for isolated strains. Cultivation at the 10 L scale of Chroococcidiopsis BIOG3 evidenced bioactivity changes with the growth phase and life cycle stage. From activity comparison, communities showed higher potential over single strains cultivation; however, further investigations should elucidate isolates’ full potential also by combining them into synthetic communities to simplify production and standardisation.

Utilization of Multi-Ionic Interaction of Yumoto Hot Springs for Enhancing the Moisturizing Properties of Hyaluronic Acid Sodium Salt

“…The Iwaki-Yumoto Hot Springs, boasting a history of over 1200 years, are considered one of Japan's three oldest HSs, alongside Arima and Dogo [4]. In some HS areas, the development and sale of cosmetics utilizing HS water have already been undertaken [5]. In this regard, the interaction between cosmetic ingredients and HS water components could be carefully considered.…”

Unveiling Antibacterial Potential and Physiological Characteristics of Thermophilic Bacteria Isolated from a Hot Spring in Iran

“…In the pursuit of novel bioactive compounds to combat drug-resistant infections, researchers have focused on isolating thermophilic bacteria from hot springs. These unique bacteria, including Bacillus [8,9], Geobacillus [10], Brevibacillus [11], Pseudomonas [12], Paenibacillus [13], Aeromonas [14], Cyanobacteria [15] and Actinobacteria species [16][17][18][19], have shown promising therapeutic potential. Hot spring ecosystems are known for their rich actinobacterial diversity [20].…”