Hot pepper response to interactive effects of salinity and boron

Abstract

An excess of salinity and boron (B) can limit production of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), but little is known about the physiological responses, including antioxidant activities, in response to these excesses. We investigated the physiological responses and defense mechanisms of hot pepper grown under salinity (NaCl) stress at 3 and 6 dS/mand B stress at 15 and 30 mg/kg. Dry weight and the total chlorophyll content decreased with increasing salinity and B levels. The toxic effect of B was greater under saline conditions. Higher levels of salinity and B resulted in increased B concentrations in leaves. The stomatal resistance values increased as the combined levels of salinity and B increased. Furthermore, increasing salinity, B or both increased activities of H 2 O 2 , SOD, POX, APX and GR, which increased oxidative stress, compared to the control plants. Increases in combined salinity and B levels disrupted plant nutrient balance and water use, and induced production of secondary toxic substances leading to an increased plant tissue concentration of H 2 O 2 , and suppression of growth in hot pepper.

Plant Salt Tolerance

“…Bingham et al (1987) reported that wheat shoot growth was influenced by each stress independently but not by their interaction. Several studies have shown that salt stress may increase B toxicity symptoms and reduce crop yield (Aspaslan and Gunes 2001; Grieve and Poss 2000;Supanjani 2006;Wimmer et al 2003). Conversely, results of other studies suggest that increased salinity may reduce B uptake and mitigate its toxic effects in wheat (Holloway and Alston 1992), chickpeas (Yadav et al 1989), melons (Edelstein et al 2005), and eucalyptus (Grattan et al 1997;Marcar et al 1999).…”

Saline Soil Management to Improve its Fertility and Productivity by some Agricultural Practices Application

“…Many investigations on salinity-nitrogen issue were focused either on nitrogen influence on plant (Ozer et al 2004 andSvoboda andHaberle 2006) or on salinity as limiting plant growth factor (i.e., Burger and Celkova 2003, Orak and Ates 2005and Supanjani and Lee 2006. Fertilization with N may be contributing to soil salinization and increase the negative effects of soil salinity on plant performance during a specific growth stages (Villa-Castorena et al 2003).…”

Horticultura Periurbana, Análisis De La Fertilidad De Los Suelos en Invernaderos

“…Es importante destacar que cuanto mayor es la relación entre ambos cationes mayor es el daño en los cultivos, debido a la toxicidad por Na + y a la menor absorción de K + . Diferentes estudios demuestran que a pesar de que la fertilización de K + disminuye la relación Na/K, no contrarresta los efectos negativos de la salinidad (Bar-Tal et al, 2001;Supanjani, 2006) Respecto al Ca +2 , en diversas fuentes se indica la importancia de mantener relaciones adecuadas con el Na + , a fin de evitar deficiencias inducidas por competencia de absorción catiónica (Alemán et al, 2009;Turhan et al, 2009). Cuando la concentración de Na + es elevada se presenta mayor incidencia de BER en los cultivos de fruto (De Pascale et al, 2003) y tip burn en los cultivos de hoja (Saure, 2001).…”