Hot Consolidation of Aluminium and Aluminium nano-MMC Powders by Equal Channel Angular Pressing

Kollo, Lauri; Kallip, Kaspar; Gomon, Jaana-Kateriina; Kommel, Lembit

doi:10.5755/j01.ms.18.3.2431

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…It common knowledge that the particles get segmented during the process of compaction of the metallic particles through ECAP, as they pass through shear plane [11]. Use of a metallic can during the compaction of the metallic particles is suggested for overcoming this problem [1].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has the compatibility for introducing refinement of significant grains into samples of bulk [2, 3]. Apart from refinement of bulk materials, there is the compaction of metallic powders through ECAP [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. This process which has gained attention, involves canning of the metallic or composite powders followed by processing at elevated temperature through the die with backpressure (through insertion of front stopper or a hydraulic valve).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Consolidation of commercial pure aluminum particles by hot ECAP

Gudimetla

Kumar

Ravisankar

et al. 2018

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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Abstract. In the current study undertaken, aluminum particles of commercial purity grade were compacted using hot ECAP. Investigation of the structural evolution and mechanical properties was done. Measurements of the densities of the samples was done for the purpose of evaluation the performance of the consolidation process. A tensile strength (UTS) of 98 MPa (after first pass) was obtained under tensile loads and the percent elongation to fracture was found to be 5.5%, which indicated good tensile strength and ductility as compared to the commercial pure Al powders consolidated by ambient temperature ECAP and other techniques. The relative density and Rockwell hardness (HRB) of compacts (after first pass) was 99% and 42 respectively. This is indisputable proof for establishing the compatibility of ECAP in the matter of producing bulk materials. Characterization of the material microstructure and fracture behavior was done through use of optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The Al powders consolidated at 400 o C through ECAP process, exhibited the best combination of yield strength and ductility and hence hot ECAP is suitable method for consolidation of micro powders. IntroductionPowder metallurgy (PM) is the most significant method for the production of near net shape products. The limitation of PM is the 100% dense cannot be obtain. The process of sintering at high temperature was usually resorted to for bringing down the quantity of porosities in the compacts. As against this, there is the fact that the conventional pressure-less sintering that does not help elimination of complete porosities, leads to grain growth and not suitable. In recent times, secondary forming methods like extrusion, and rolling have come into use for consolidation of particles for complete dense components. These processes, however face certain limitations in the form of desperate changes in the initial dimensions of the samples as also the need for application of high temperatures for obtaining 100% dense compacts. ECAP helps overcoming this problem [1]. ECAP was the process to start with. It has the compatibility for introducing refinement of significant grains into samples of bulk [2, 3]. Apart from refinement of bulk materials, there is the compaction of metallic powders through ECAP [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. This process which has gained attention, involves canning of the metallic or composite powders followed by processing at elevated temperature through the die with backpressure (through insertion of front stopper or a hydraulic valve). This results in the occurrence of both the densification of the powders and refinement of microstructure. This method enables consolidation of the aluminum based nanocomposite powders, with yield of high hardness and strength [10]. In the present study, consolidation of Al powder particles was done using hot ECAP. The structural evolution and

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consolidation of commercial pure aluminum particles by hot ECAP

Gudimetla

Kumar

Ravisankar

et al. 2018

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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“…Perlakuan panas annealing bertujuan mengubah struktur mikro suatu bahan untuk mengubah sifat mekanik atau listriknya. Hal ini bertujuan untuk mengurangi kekerasan, meningkatkan keuletan, dan membantu menghilangkan tekanan internal (Kollo et al 2012). Fenomena ini diperlukan dalam pross pengerjaan.…”

Section: Hasil Dan Pembahasanunclassified

“…Gambar 3. Contoh sampel retak akibat distribusi tegangan yang tidak merata (Kollo et al 2012) Nilai kekuatan tekan komposit Al/Zr non heat treatment tertinggi didapatkan pada sampel dengan 3 kali siklus penekanan yaitu 627 MPa. Nilai yang diperoleh pada sampel dengan 2 kali siklus penekanan yaitu 548 MPa sedangkan pada sampel dengan 1 kali siklus penekanan yaitu 481 MPa.…”

Section: Hasil Dan Pembahasanunclassified

“…Dengan demikian menghasilkan bahan yang mampu memberikan sifat fisik dan mekanik yang tinggi. ECAP menggabungkan tegangan tarik dan tegangan tekan di dalam cetakan untuk menghasilkan produk dengan sifat yang lebih baik (Kollo et al 2012). ECAP merupakan proses manufaktur yang diterapkan untuk logam yang memiliki kemampuan memperkenalkan penyempurnaan butiran halus yang signifikan untuk mencapai ukuran butir pada tingkat submikrometer, mencapai ukuran <1μm.…”

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Perlakuan Panas Komposit berbasis Aluminium/ Zirconium Hasil Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) - Paralel Channel

Pramono¹,

Suryana²,

Alfirano³

et al. 2021

met. indonesia

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AbstrakProses produksi dengan menggunakan metode pengerjaan logam konvensional seringkali sulit terutama untuk produk masif, dimana peralatan dan produk seperti gaya dan tekanan tinggi diperlukan. Keterbatasan ini bisa diatasi dengan menggunakan teknologi terbaru yaitu severe plastic deformation (SPD), dengan metode spesifiknya yaitu equal channel angulatr pressing (ECAP). Perkembangan ECAP sudah mencapai tahap aplikasi produk, salah satu pengembangan metodenya yaitu model parallel channel, atau disebut ECAP-PC. Dalam aplikasi pembuatan komponen, diperlukan proses perlakuan panas material, bertujuan untuk mengubah sifat material. Perlakuan panas yang sesuai diantaranya adalah proses pelunakan anealling untuk pengerjaan komponen dan perlakuan panas jenis T6; artificial aging/age-hardening sebagai proses akhir, untuk penerapan aplikasi tertentu. Serbuk aluminium (Al) dengan campuran zirconium (Zr) diaktivasi secara mekanis menggunakan ball milling. Pencampuran menggunakan cairan etanol dan heptane untuk memudahkan pengeringan. Fraksi volume yang digunakan dalam komposit Al sebagai matriks dan Zr yaitu 97:3%. Serbuk komposit dilakukan penggilingan dengan proses ball milling menggunakan putaran 60 rpm selama 24 jam. Hasil perlakuan panas age-hardening menghasilkan sifat mekanik tertinggi sebesar 144-222 HV/1406-2177 MPa dibanding dengan jenis annealing yaitu 31-46 HV/301-449 MPa. Hal ini sesuai dengan tujuan dari perlakuan panas yaitu untuk menurunkan sifat mekanik agar material mudah diproses. AbstractThe production of conventional metalworking methods is often difficult especially for massive products, where equipment and products such as high force and pressure are required. This limitation can be overcome by using the latest technology, namely severe plastic deformation (SPD). By specific method, namely Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP). The development of ECAP has reached the product application stage, one of the methods development is parallel channel model, or called ECAP-PC. Application of component manufacturing requires a material heat treatment process, aims to change the properties of the material. Suitable heat treatments include the annealing softening process for component work and the T6 type heat treatment; artificial aging/age-hardening as a finishing process for the application of certain applications. Aluminum (Al) powder and zirconium (Zr), mixture were activated mechanically by ball milling. Mixing processed using liquid ethanol and heptane for easy drying. The volume fraction used in the Al composite as a matrix and Zr is 97: 3%. The composites powder was milled by ball milling used a 60 rpm rotation for 24 hours. The results of age-hardening heat treatment produced the highest mechanical properties of 144-222 HV / 1406-2177 MPa compared to the type of annealing, namely 31-46 HV / 301-449 MPa. This is in accordance with the purpose of heat treatment, namely to reduce mechanical properties so that the material is easy to process.

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ECAP - new consolidation method for production of aluminium matrix composites with ceramic reinforcement

Snajdar-Musa

Schauperl

2013

PAC

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Aluminium based metal matrix composites are rapidly developing group of materials due to their unique combination of properties that include low weight, elevated strength, improved wear and corrosion resistance and relatively good ductility. This combination of properties is a result of mixing two groups of materials with rather different properties with aluminium as ductile matrix and different oxides and carbides added as reinforcement. Al2O3, SiC and ZrO2 are the most popular choices of reinforcement material. One of the most common methods for producing this type of metal matrix composites is powder metallurgy since it has many variations and also is relatively low-cost method. Many different techniques of compacting aluminium and ceramic powders have been previously investigated. Among those techniques equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) stands out due to its beneficial influence on the main problem that arises during powder compaction and that is a non-uniform distribution of reinforcement particles. This paper gives an overview on ECAP method principles, advantages and produced powder composite properties.

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Hot Consolidation of Aluminium and Aluminium nano-MMC Powders by Equal Channel Angular Pressing

Cited by 5 publications

References 11 publications

Consolidation of commercial pure aluminum particles by hot ECAP

Consolidation of commercial pure aluminum particles by hot ECAP

Perlakuan Panas Komposit berbasis Aluminium/ Zirconium Hasil Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) - Paralel Channel

ECAP - new consolidation method for production of aluminium matrix composites with ceramic reinforcement

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