Host specificity of the rubber vine moth, <i>Euclasta whalleyi</i> Popescu‐Gorj and Constantinescu (Lepidoptera: Crambidae: Pyraustinae): field host‐range compared to that predicted by laboratory tests

McFadyen, Rachel; Vitelli, M. P.; Setter, C. L.

doi:10.1046/j.1440-6055.2002.00313.x

Cited by 20 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Field surveys and pre-release non-target testing with regard to host specificity revealed how L. japonica exhibits a wider host range compared to G. brasiliensis , leading to exclusion of the former as a candidate agent for CBC [ 51 , 57 ]. Even though a particular emphasis is now placed on host specificity assessments to avoid the introduction of generalist natural enemies [ 77 ], laboratory experiments may be limited in their predictive ability [ 78 ], due to the confined experimental set-up [ 79 ] or because of the existence of strains with a narrow/wide host range according to the area of origin [ 56 , 57 ]. As for other animal species, parasitoid wasps need to cope with the ecological context in which they are found [ 62 , 73 , 80 ], which provides alternative resources to sustain natural enemies during the season, facilitating biocontrol of target pests [ 81 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Report of Leptopilina japonica in Europe

Puppato

Grassi

Pedrazzoli

et al. 2020

Insects

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Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura; Diptera: Drosophilidae) is a key pest of sweet cherry and small fruits worldwide. Biological control remains unutilized in the framework of D. suzukii management. Nonetheless, natural enemies may play an important role in regulating this pest. We report for the first time the presence of Leptopilina japonica Novković and Kimura (Hymenoptera: Figitidae) in Europe. Two specimens emerged from ripened fruits and one was collected after direct observation on a cherry tree in June 2019. They showed the distinctive morphological traits already described and shared more than 99% sequence similarity with specimens of L. japonica collected in Asia. This first finding was confirmed by a wider survey carried out in 2020; L. japonica emerged from cherry fruit samples collected in five other sites across the Trentino region, suggesting that L. japonica has already colonized a wide area. Detection of this Asian species is relevant to the future direction in managing D. suzukii, both in Europe and North America. In fact, L. japonica showed similarity with Ganaspis brasiliensis (Ihering) (Hymenoptera: Figitidae), the most promising candidate for the classical biological control, in terms of developmental time, egg maturation, host age preference and lifetime fecundity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Report of Leptopilina japonica in Europe

Puppato

Grassi

Pedrazzoli

et al. 2020

Insects

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“…There are risks associated with doing nothing, in that alien plants may continue to threaten native species in the absence of effective control. Whilst not always explicitly stated, the risk of doing nothing is often incorporated as a way of determining the benefit (McFadyen et al 2002;Willis et al 2003) and by default the target risk. The use of counterfactuals (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Encompassing the relative non-target risks from agents and their alien plant targets in biological control assessments

Downey

Paterson

2016

BioControl

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Criticisms about the safety of biological control of alien plants has resulted in a risk-averse approach, where the risks posed by the agent are paramount and the risks posed by the alien plant are neglected. We argue that the risk associated with nontarget damage from agents needs to be assessed relative to that of their target alien plants. A literature review of the non-target risks associated with biological control agents was undertaken in terms of the risk to native species from agents relative to the risk to native species from their alien plant targets. We then developed a framework that compares the consequence with the likelihood of non-target damage for both agents and their targets to provide an overall risk rating. Assessments of the risk of damage from both agents and their target alien plants will enable researchers, managers and policy makers to better assess the risks from biological control.

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“…These risks can therefore be regarded as predictable (Pemberton 2000) and can be followed-up appropriately in the Þeld, if the weed problem or the agentÕs impact on the target is deemed important enough that the release is approved. At present, follow-up studies to monitor these predicted impacts after Þeld release are rare (McFadyen et al 2002, Willis et al 2003, Olckers and Lotter 2004. The second category of risk is the introduction of other plants closely related to the target after the approval of the agent for release.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%