Host Resistance to
Diatraea saccharalis
(F.):
1
Relationship of Sugarcane Internode Hardness to Larval Damage

Martin, F. A.; Richard, C.; Hensley, S. D.

doi:10.1093/ee/4.5.687

Cited by 43 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…Martin et al. () and Keeping & Rutherford () showed that sugarcane internode rind hardness is a source of larval antibiosis for the stem borers D. saccharalis and Eldana saccharina Walker. Stem fiber and relative lignin contents may also affect larval feeding and development (Rutherford et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oviposition and larval development of a stem borer, Eoreuma loftini, on rice and non‐crop grass hosts

Beuzelin

Wilson

Showler

et al. 2013

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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A greenhouse study compared oviposition preference and larval development duration of a stem borer, Eoreuma loftini (Dyar) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), on rice, Oryza sativa L. cv Cocodrie (Poaceae), and four primary non‐crop hosts of Texas Gulf Coast rice agroecosystems. Rice and two perennials, johnsongrass, Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers., and vaseygrass, Paspalum urvillei Steud. (both Poaceae), were assessed at three phenological stages. Two spring annuals, brome, Bromus spec., and ryegrass, Lolium spec. (both Poaceae), were assessed at two phenological stages. Phenological stages represented the diversity of plant development stages E. loftini may encounter. Plant fresh biomass, dry biomass, and sum of tiller heights were used as measures of plant availability. Accounting for plant availability, rice was preferred over non‐crop hosts, and intermediate and older plants were preferred over young plants. Johnsongrass and vaseygrass were 32–60% as preferred as rice when considering the most preferred phenological stages of each host. Brome and ryegrass received few or no eggs, respectively. Eoreuma loftini larval development (in degree days above developmental threshold temperatures) was fastest on rice and slowest on johnsongrass and vaseygrass. Development duration was only retarded by plant stage on young rice plants. Foliar and stem free amino acid concentrations were determined to help provide insights on the mechanisms of E. loftini oviposition preference and developmental performance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oviposition and larval development of a stem borer, Eoreuma loftini, on rice and non‐crop grass hosts

Beuzelin

Wilson

Showler

et al. 2013

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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“…Although more larvae became established feeding on the leaves and sheaths of mature sugarcane plants, proportionately fewer successfully entered the stalk relative to immature sugarcane possibly because immature sugarcane plants have greater nutritional value than mature sugarcane plants (ReayÐJones et al 2007b). Further, the longer exposure on mature sugarcane plants suggests that physiological factors, such as increased rind hardness (Martin et al 1975), of mature sugarcane impedes stalk boring (Van Leerdam 1986, Ring et al 1991. Similarly, D. saccharalis establishment on corn plant surfaces infested at later growth stages is greater than on younger corn attributable to decreased leaf sheath appression as plants age, while larval stalk entry was greater on younger corn (Flynn et al 1984).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Chemical Control for the Mexican Rice Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Sugarcane: Larval Exposure, a Novel Scouting Method, and Efficacy of a Single Aerial Insecticide Application

Wilson¹,

Showler

Reagan³

et al. 2012

jnl. econ. entom.

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A three-treatment aerial application insecticide experiment was conducted in five commercial sugarcane, Saccharum spp., fields in south Texas to evaluate the use of pheromone traps for improving chemical control of the Mexican rice borer, Eoreuma loftini (Dyar), in 2009 and 2010. A threshold of 20 moths/trap/wk was used to initiate monitoring for larval infestations. The percentage of stalks with larvae on plant surfaces was directly related to the number of moths trapped. Reductions in borer injury and adult emergence were detected when a threshold of >5% of stalks with larvae present on plant surfaces was used to trigger insecticide applications. Novaluron provided superior control compared with beta-cyfluthrin; novaluron treated plots were associated with a 14% increase in sugar production. A greenhouse experiment investigating establishment and behavior of E. loftini larvae on two phenological stages of stalkborer resistant, HoCP 85-845, and susceptible, HoCP 00-950, sugarcane cultivars determined that more than half of larvae on HoCP 00-950 and > 25% on HoCP 85-845 tunneled inside leaf mid-ribs within 1 d of eclosion, protected therein from biological and chemical control tactics. Exposure time of larvae averaged < 1 wk for all treatments and was shortest on immature HoCP 00-950 and longest on mature HoCP 85-845. This study shows a short window of vulnerability of E. loftini larvae to insecticide applications, and demonstrates the potential utility of pheromone traps for improving insecticide intervention timing such that a single properly timed application may be all that is required.

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“…Toughness of plant tissue is increased by thick, lignified tissues which render them more resistant to the tearing or chewing action of insect mandibles and more difficult to digest (Norris and Kogan, 1980;Wallace et al, 1973;Howe, 1949;Agarwal, 1969;Martin et al, 1975). The route taken by M. testulalis larvae in stem has not been described, but the preferred and most convenient route in the ground tissue is likely to be intercellular rather than intracellular, or a combination of both routes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical Parameters of Cowpea, Vigna Unguiculata (L.) Walp. Stem and Pod Wall Resistance to the Legume Pod Borer Maruca testulalis Geyer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Oghiakhe

Jackai

Makanjuola

1991

Int. J. Trop. Insect Sci.

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Anatomical features of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) associated with stem and pod wall resistance to the legume pod borer, Maruca testulalis, were studied. The anatomical microenvironment of the area immediately post the stem epidermis seems to impose severe limitation to larval movement and feeding within the tissue. Collenchy ma cells in both 21-day old TVu 946 and IT82D-716 stems form a network of closely knit interlocking cells with a few intercellular spaces. Significant differences (P < 0.05) were observed in the distance between the epidermis and collenchy ma cells of the slightly raised (convex) and concave portions of TVu 946 and 1T82D-7I6 stems. TVu 946 had a smaller stem diameter than IT82D-716 stem. Distance between epicarp and mesocarp tissues of 7-day old TVu 946 and IT82D-716 pod wall did not show any significant difference. Similarity in cell and tissue arrangement and the absence of strengthening tissues in pod wall could be some of the most important constraints responsible for their vulnerability to larval damage.Stem anatomy is considered to be an important factor in stem resistance to M. testulalis, but this does not appear to be the case in pod wall resistance.

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Host Resistance to Diatraea saccharalis (F.): 1 Relationship of Sugarcane Internode Hardness to Larval Damage

Cited by 43 publications

References 0 publications

Oviposition and larval development of a stem borer, Eoreuma loftini, on rice and non‐crop grass hosts

Oviposition and larval development of a stem borer, Eoreuma loftini, on rice and non‐crop grass hosts

Improved Chemical Control for the Mexican Rice Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Sugarcane: Larval Exposure, a Novel Scouting Method, and Efficacy of a Single Aerial Insecticide Application

Anatomical Parameters of Cowpea, Vigna Unguiculata (L.) Walp. Stem and Pod Wall Resistance to the Legume Pod Borer Maruca testulalis Geyer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

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