Host Preferences of Blood-Feeding Mosquitoes

Takken, Willem; Verhulst, Niels O.

doi:10.1146/annurev-ento-120811-153618

Cited by 535 publications

(656 citation statements)

References 126 publications

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“…There are two possible explanations to this observed protective effect. Cattle generate significant amounts of olfactory cues which attract large numbers of mosquitoes 19,20 , and this reduces human exposure to mosquito bites in and around homesteads. Added to this, is a shift in mosquito biting behaviourial traits, that is, from people to cattle which is caused by the continuous use of ITNs and IRS methods 21 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of household environmental resources and practices in eliminating residual malaria transmission: a case study of Tanzania, Burundi, Malawi and Liberia

Semakula¹,

Song²,

Zhang³

et al. 2015

Afr H. Sci.

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Background: The increasing protection gaps of insecticide-treated nets and indoor-residual spraying methods against malaria have led to an emergence of residual transmission in sub-Saharan Africa and thus, supplementary strategies to control mosquitoes are urgently required. Objective: To assess household environmental resources and practices that increase or reduce malaria risk among children under-five years of age in order to identify those aspects that can be adopted to control residual transmission. Methods: Household environmental resources, practices and malaria test results were extracted from Malaria Indicators Survey datasets for Tanzania, Burundi, Malawi and Liberia with 16,747 children from 11,469 households utilised in the analysis. Logistic regressions were performed to quantify the contribution of each factor to malaria occurrence. Results: Cattle rearing reduced malaria risk between 26%-49% while rearing goats increased the risk between 26%-32%. All piped-water systems reduced malaria risk between 30%-87% (Tanzania), 48%-95% (Burundi), 67%-77% (Malawi) and 58%-73 (Liberia). Flush toilets reduced malaria risk between 47%-96%. Protected-wells increased malaria risk between 19%-44%. Interestingly, boreholes increased malaria risk between 19%-75%. Charcoal use reduced malaria risk between 11%-49%. Conclusion: Vector control options for tackling mosquitoes were revealed based on their risk levels. These included cattle rearing, installation of piped-water systems and flush toilets as well as use of smokeless fuels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of household environmental resources and practices in eliminating residual malaria transmission: a case study of Tanzania, Burundi, Malawi and Liberia

Semakula¹,

Song²,

Zhang³

et al. 2015

Afr H. Sci.

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“…When orienting toward a heat source, kissing bugs were observed to use both telotaxis (orientation using a single sensory structure over longer distances) and tropotaxis (orientation using dual sensory structures over short distances) (Lazzari, 2009). Although thermotaxis for host location has received some attention in hematophagous insects, it has traditionally been evaluated in combination with other host cues (Grossman and Pappas, 1991;Khan et al, 1968;Takken and Verhulst, 2013). Only recently have researchers elucidated the integration of heat with CO 2 , odors and vision in host location by a mosquito (van Breugel et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feel the heat: Activation, orientation, and feeding responses of bed bugs to targets at different temperatures

DeVries

Mick

Schal

2016

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Host location in bed bugs is poorly understood. Of the primary hostassociated cues known to attract bed bugs -CO 2 , odors, heat -heat has received little attention as an independent stimulus. We evaluated the effects of target temperatures ranging from 23 to 48°C on bed bug activation, orientation and feeding. Activation and orientation responses were assessed using a heated target in a circular arena. All targets heated above ambient temperature activated bed bugs (initiated movement) and elicited oriented movement toward the target, with higher temperatures generally resulting in faster activation and orientation. The distance over which bed bugs could orient toward a heat source was measured using a 2-choice T-maze assay. Positive thermotaxis was limited to distances <3 cm. Bed bug feeding responses on an artificial feeding system increased with feeder temperature up to 38 and 43°C, and declined precipitously at 48°C. In addition, bed bugs responded to the relative difference between ambient and feeder temperatures. These results highlight the wide range of temperatures that elicit activation, orientation and feeding responses in bed bugs. In contrast, the ability of bed bugs to correctly orient towards a heated target, independently of other cues, is limited to very short distances (<3 cm). Finally, bed bug feeding is shown to be relative to ambient temperature, not an absolute response to feeder blood temperature.

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“…aegypti, 48,49 may be less attracted to our traps as the CO 2 output of~120 mL/minute is less than half that of an average human (~275 mL/minute). 50 In contrast, zoophilic species, such as Ad.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land Use Influences Mosquito Communities and Disease Risk on Remote Tropical Islands: A Case Study Using a Novel Sampling Technique

Steiger¹,

Ritchie²,

Laurance³

2016

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Land use changes, such as deforestation and urbanization, can influence interactions between vectors, hosts, and pathogens. The consequences may result in the appearance and rise of mosquito-borne diseases, especially in remote tropical regions. Tropical regions can be the hotspots for the emergence of diseases due to high biological diversity and complex species interactions. Furthermore, frontier areas are often haphazardly surveyed as a result of inadequate or expensive sampling techniques, which limit early detection and medical intervention. We trialed a novel sampling technique of nonpowered traps and a carbon dioxide attractant derived from yeast and sugar to explore how land use influences mosquito communities on four remote, tropical islands in the Australian Torres Strait. Using this technique, we collected > 11,000 mosquitoes from urban and sylvan habitats. We found that human land use significantly affected mosquito communities. Mosquito abundances and diversity were higher in sylvan habitats compared with urban areas, resulting in significantly different community compositions between the two habitats. An important outcome of our study was determining that there were greater numbers of disease-vectoring species associated with human habitations. On the basis of these findings, we believe that our novel sampling technique is a realistic tool for assessing mosquito communities in remote regions.

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Host Preferences of Blood-Feeding Mosquitoes

Cited by 535 publications

References 126 publications

Potential of household environmental resources and practices in eliminating residual malaria transmission: a case study of Tanzania, Burundi, Malawi and Liberia

Potential of household environmental resources and practices in eliminating residual malaria transmission: a case study of Tanzania, Burundi, Malawi and Liberia

Feel the heat: Activation, orientation, and feeding responses of bed bugs to targets at different temperatures

Land Use Influences Mosquito Communities and Disease Risk on Remote Tropical Islands: A Case Study Using a Novel Sampling Technique

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