Host plants influence the composition of the gut bacteria in Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata

Abstract

The gut bacteria of insects positively influence the physiology of their host, however, the dynamics of this complicated ecosystem are not fully clear. To improve our understanding, we characterized the gut prokaryotic of Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata that fed on two host plants, Solanum melongena (referred to as QZ hereafter) and Solanum nigrum (referred to as LK hereafter), by sequencing the V3-V4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene using the Illumina MiSeq system. The results revealed that the gut bacterial composition varied between specimens that fed on different host plants. The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean analyses and principal coordinate analysis showed that the bacterial communities of the LK and QZ groups were distinct. Four phyla (Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria) were present in all H. vigintioctopunctata gut samples. It is noteworthy that bacteria of the phylum Cyanobacteria were only found in the LK group, with a low relative abundance. Proteobacteria and Enterobacteriaceae were the predominant phylum and family, respectively, in both the LK and QZ groups. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analyses showed that the QZ group enriched the Bacilli class and Lactococcus genus; while the LK group enriched the Alphaproteobacteria class and Ochrobactrum genus. PICRUSt analysis showed that genes predicted to be involved in xenobiotic biodegradation and metabolism, metabolism of other amino acids, signaling molecules, and interaction were significantly higher in the QZ group. Genes predicted to be involved in the metabolism of cofactors and vitamins were significantly higher in the LK group. Furthermore, the complexity of the network structure and the modularity were higher in the LK group than in the QZ group. This is the first study to characterize the gut bacteria of H. vigintioctopunctat, our results demonstrate that the two host plants tested had a considerable impact on bacterial composition in the gut of H. vigintioctopunctata and that the bacterial communities were dominated by relatively few taxa.

Gut bacterial communities across 12 Ensifera (Orthoptera) at different feeding habits and its prediction for the insect with contrasting feeding habits

“…The second dominant phylum in herbivores was Cyanobacteria in contrast to previous studies as Proteobacteria and Firmicutes, which were the predominant bacterial phyla in all insect gut samples [ 10 , 11 , 44 , 47 ]. Conversely, Cyanobacteria were very rare and had a low abundance in some insects [ 48 , 49 ]. However, it had been reported to be the most substantial bacteria in vertebrate animals, especially in herbivorous fishes with a rather higher abundance of more than 34% [ 50 ], While, Cyanobacteria were with a low abundance in omnivorous and carnivorous Ensifera, which was consistent with the results not detected in carnivorous fish.…”

New Insights on the Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett) Bacteriome

“…In order to better assess the effect of climate on the microbial profile, sampling could be performed within a longer period with seasonal weather variations. Other parameters affecting this differentiation could be related to host availability/adaptation or diet, since diet plays an important role in shaping the intestinal bacterial community of flies [ 49 , 55 , 56 , 57 ]. The diet of adult flies mainly includes plant exudates, honeydew and bird droppings scattered on leaves and fruits [ 58 ], while larvae develop in cucurbits [ 23 ].…”

Effect of very low-protein diets supplemented with branched-chain amino acids on energy balance, plasma metabolomics and fecal microbiome of pigs

“…Therefore, reduced Streptococcaceae family in feces of pigs fed with VLP diets might be beneficial for their health. Other communities such as Oxyphotobacteria, Pseudomonadaceae and Shewanellaceae, which were also found to be less enriched in feces of LP + BCAA pigs have been identified among gut microflora populations in animals and insects [56][57][58] while further investigation is required to understand their role as part of swine gut microbiome. The pigs offered with LP + BCAA diet had higher abundance of Paludibacteraceae and Synergistaceae in their feces, www.nature.com/scientificreports/ which given the low concentration of protein in this diet, these bacteria are unlikely involved in protein degradation.…”