Host Plant Resistance to Pests and Pathogens, the Genetic Leverage in Integrated Pest and Disease Management

Lefebvre, Véronique; Boissot, Nathalie; Gallois, Jean‐Luc

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-22304-5_9

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…Hygiene measures such as cleaning and disinfection of hands and equipment may help to reduce the likelihood of pathogen introduction into nursery or garden plantings. For long-term, sustainable production, however, durable resistance is key (Mundt 2015;Lefebvre et al 2020). Therefore, knowledge of the susceptibility of different boxwood cultivars is essential and less susceptible varieties are highly valuable to the nursery trade.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Year Field Plantings Evaluating Boxwood Cultivars for Susceptibility to the Blight Pathogens (Calonectria spp.) in Northern Germany

Brand

Beltz²,

Ehsen³

et al. 2023

Plant Disease

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Two multi-year field trials were conducted to evaluate boxwood cultivars for their susceptibility to the blight pathogens Calonectria pseudonaviculata and C. henricotiae in northern Germany. Fifteen cultivars were included in the first trial from 2007 to 2012, and 46 cultivars in the second trial from 2014 to 2017. Both trials were done in a naturally infested field, supplemented with infected plant tissue added to the soil before planting. Each cultivar had three replicate hedge sections with ten plants per section and they were assessed annually for blight severity expressed as proportion of leaves blighted and fallen. Blight severity varied significantly among years (P < 0.0001) and cultivars (P < 0.05) within each trial. In the first trial, mean severity ranged from 0.03 to 0.11 for the most resistant cultivars and 0.35 to 0.96 for the most susceptible ones. Similarly, in the second trial, mean severity ranged from 0.06 to 0.27 and 0.71 to 0.97 for the most resistant and susceptible cultivars, respectively. ‘Suffruticosa’ was consistently the most susceptible cultivar, followed by ‘Marianne’, ‘Myosotidifolia’, ‘Raket’ and ‘Morris Midget’. ‘Herrenhausen’ was the most resistant cultivar, followed by B. microphylla var. japonica, B. microphylla var. koreana, ‘Green Mound’, ‘Faulkner’, and ‘Winter Beauty’. This study provides field data showing the performance of boxwood cultivars under different levels of disease pressure in an area where C. henricotiae was dominant. This knowledge will help boxwood growers and gardeners to choose less susceptible cultivars and help plant breeders to select for disease resistance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Year Field Plantings Evaluating Boxwood Cultivars for Susceptibility to the Blight Pathogens (Calonectria spp.) in Northern Germany

Brand

Beltz²,

Ehsen³

et al. 2023

Plant Disease

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“…(3) Develop strategies for proactive management and risk assessment. The transition from reactive to proactive management will require improved assessments of evolutionary potential within pest populations to develop virulence, which will likely depend on the type of HPR, associations with microbial communities, and environmental variables (Lefebvre et al, 2020;French et al, 2021). IPM could benefit from continued research exploring resistance durability (e.g., experimental evolution assays) and how microbial communities shape insect population dynamics (e.g., spatio-temporal modeling), which could aid in determining risk of resistance breakdown and better forecast insect outbreaks in agroecosystems.…”

Section: Perspectives and Future Research Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, information on molecular processes driving insect virulence lags behind our understanding of host plant defensives (Bansal and Michel, 2015;Yates and Michel, 2018;Yates-Stewart et al, 2020). Although natural host plant resistance (HPR) is an attractive alternative to chemical control of insect pests, most crops lack durable insect-resistant varieties (Smith and Chuang, 2014;Lefebvre et al, 2020), and identification of the molecular basis of insect virulence continues to elude researchers (Yates and Michel, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unconventional routes to developing insect-resistant crops

Enders

Begcy

2021

Molecular Plant

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Concerns over widespread use of insecticides and heightened insect pest virulence under climate change continue to fuel the need for environmentally safe and sustainable control strategies. However, to develop such strategies, a better understanding of the molecular basis of plant-pest interactions is still needed. Despite decades of research investigating plant-insect interactions, few examples exist where underlying molecular mechanisms are well characterized, and even rarer are cases where this knowledge has been successfully applied to manage harmful agricultural pests. Consequently, the field appears to be static, urgently needing shifts in approaches to identify novel mechanisms by which insects colonize plants and plants avoid insect pressure. In this perspective, we outline necessary steps for advancing holistic methodologies that capture complex plant-insect molecular interactions. We highlight novel and underexploited approaches in plant-insect interaction research as essential routes to translate knowledge of underlying molecular mechanisms into durable pest control strategies, including embracing microbial partnerships, identifying what makes a plant an unsuitable host, capitalizing on tolerance of insect damage, and learning from cases where crop domestication and agronomic practices enhance pest virulence.

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“…However, the most practical way to combat viral diseases remains the use of cultivars that are genetically resistant to viruses (Lefebvre et al, 2020;Martín-Hernández & Picó, 2020). This might be conferred through different practices, the conventional methods includes; grafting desired susceptible cultivar onto a virus-resistant rootstock against soil-borne viruses in commercial cucurbits (Cohen et al, 2007;Huitrón-Ramírez et al, 2009;Louws et al, 2010).…”

Section: Incidence and Virus Control In Cucurbitaceaementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Natural inoculation with viruliferous whitefly populations or agroinoculation of large germplasm collections presents numerous challenges, including reproducibility issues, selective inoculation by vector preference, high cost, and execution time. Mechanical inoculation, on the other hand, provides reproducibility, speed, controlled conditions, and a low cost (Lefebvre et al, 2020).…”

Section: Mechanical Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First report of Cucurbit Chlorotic Yellows Virus (CCYV) and Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus (ToLCNDV) in Algeria and lack of evidence for seed transmission of ToLCNDV in melon and pumpkin.

Kheireddine

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Emerging plant viruses in the Mediterranean Basin have arisen in the last decades becoming an important threat to crop production in this region. The spread of new viral diseases has become one of the main factors limiting agronomic and economic yields of cultivated species of Cucurbitaceae family, the second in importance after Solanaceae. A wide cluster of elements modulates and favors the emergence of these pathogens, including biological, ecological, social, and cultural factors. Global warming favors vector movement to new geographies, while global commercial networks lead to germplasm trade among countries, allowing the long-distance dissemination of viruses. Moreover, the intensive agricultural model, in which prevail genetically homogeneous cultivars, prompts pathogens outbreaks within new geographic areas at a fast rate.One of the key components to develop control strategies, and secure horticultural production, is to identify the type and distribution of viruses present in crops. However, such information in Algeria is scarce and very limited. The objective of this Doctoral Thesis was to identify and determine the prevalence and distribution of the most common viruses on cultivated cucurbit plants (zucchini, cucumber, and melon), and get information about their genetic variability and mode of dispersion.In this work, cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus (CCYV) was first detected infecting cucumber and zucchini in Algeria. CCYV (genus Crinivirus, family Closteroviridae) is part of a complex of whitefly-transmitted viruses that cause yellowing disease in cucurbits. Determination of the complete CP, and partial RdRp and Hsp70 sequences of an Algerian CCYV isolate was conducted to unveil the evolutionary relationships with the published isolates in databases. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the Algerian isolate clustered into group I together with the majority of the reported CCYV isolates. The genetic variation within this group was very low (nucleotide identity higher than 99.5%) despite their extensive and discontinuous geographical distribution, plant species (cultivated or weeds) and year of collection. This low genetic divergence could be due to the recentness of this virus that did not face major changes for the present time. In our case, the presence of CCYV was only detected in mixed infection with tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV). In future works, it will be interesting to check the likely synergistic or antagonistic interaction between these two viruses that may affect the symptoms development and spread between crops. SUMMARY viiiToLCNDV (genus Begomovirus, family Geminiviridae) was also first detected infecting cucurbit plants in Algeria. ToLCNDV is a bipartite begomovirus that causes destructive epidemics on economically valuable cucurbit and solanaceous crops. The complete DNA-A and DNA-B genomic sequences of a ToLCNDV isolate from cucumber (ToLCNDV-Biskra) were obtained.Alignments of the nucleotide sequences of DNA-A and DNA-B revealed identities of 98.7 and 97.6%, respectively, ...

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Host Plant Resistance to Pests and Pathogens, the Genetic Leverage in Integrated Pest and Disease Management

Cited by 5 publications

References 94 publications

Multi-Year Field Plantings Evaluating Boxwood Cultivars for Susceptibility to the Blight Pathogens (Calonectria spp.) in Northern Germany

Multi-Year Field Plantings Evaluating Boxwood Cultivars for Susceptibility to the Blight Pathogens (Calonectria spp.) in Northern Germany

Unconventional routes to developing insect-resistant crops

First report of Cucurbit Chlorotic Yellows Virus (CCYV) and Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus (ToLCNDV) in Algeria and lack of evidence for seed transmission of ToLCNDV in melon and pumpkin.

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