Host plant resistance to aphids in cultivated crops: Genetic and molecular bases, and interactions with aphid populations

Abstract

Mots cle´s :Durabilite ´des re ´sistances Ge `nes clone ´s Ge `nes d'avirulence Ge `nes de re ´sistance He ´re ´dite Ŕessources ge ´ne ´tiques Spe ´cificite ´de re ´sistanceHost plant resistance is an efficient and environmentally friendly means of controlling insects, including aphids, but resistant-breaking biotypes have occurred in several plantaphid systems. Our review of the genetic and molecular bases of aphid resistance in crop species emphasizes the limited number of aphid resistance genes and alleles. Inheritance of aphid resistance may be monogenic (dominant or recessive genes) or polygenic. Two dominant, aphid resistance genes have been isolated to date. They both encode NBS-LRR proteins involved in the specific recognition of aphids. Strategies to ensure aphid resistance effectiveness and durability are discussed. Innovative research activities are proposed.

Effects of salicylic acid elicitor against aphids on wheat and detection of infestation using infrared thermal imaging technique in Ismailia, Egypt

“…Management of wheat aphids is difficult due to their rapid reproduction and extremely short life cycle. Currently, the use of conventional insecticides is the main approach in controlling aphids (Dogimont et al, 2010). These insecticides have negative impact on the environment, especially on beneficial organisms,.…”

“…These insecticides have negative impact on the environment, especially on beneficial organisms,. Moreover, plant treatment with insecticides leads to resistance of aphids and other insect pests, which also contributes to management problems (Dogimont et al, 2010).…”

Screening of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) lines for resistance to three Aphids (Aphis craccivora Koch) strains in Burkina Faso

“…Some cowpea lines have been screened in Africa and different levels of resistance to aphids have been found (Kusi et al, 2010;Souleymane et al, 2013;Aliyu andIshiyaku, 2013, Omoigui et al, 2017). Unfortunately resistance-breaking biotypes have occurred in several plant-aphid systems (Dogimont et al, 2010). So, new resistant sources need to be developed and deployed in cowpea growing areas where aphids occur in order to reduce the risk of resistance break-down.…”

Co-localisation of host plant resistance QTLs affecting the performance and feeding behaviour of the aphid Myzus persicae in the peach tree

“…These pests are a primary topic in studies about plant responses to biotic stresses. In many crop species, aphid resistance is governed by single, dominant genes of major effect (reviewed in Dogimont et al, 2010). The resistance conferred by these genes is often specific to insect biotype, and its lifetime is limited due to the rapid development of virulence in insect populations.…”

“…Resistance QTLs have been analysed in relation to several physical and biochemical plant traits that likely correspond to distinct mechanisms, such as leaf pubescence and constitutive concentration or enzymatic activity of repulsive or toxic compounds (Maliepaard et al, 1995;Lee et al, 1998;Kliebenstein et al, 2002;Schranz et al, 2009). Several studies have also been devoted to mapping QTLs for resistance to aphids, mostly on annual crops (reviewed in Dogimont et al, 2010). Some of these have endeavoured to clarify the function of the detected loci, for example in Arabidopsis (Pfalz et al, 2009) and in species of the genus Solanum (Bonierbale et al, 1994;Mutschler et al, 1996).…”