Abstract:Summary. The capture of adult male moths in female sex pheromone traps of two key agricultural pests, the corn earworm (Helicoverpa zea) and the codling moth (Cydia pomonella), is enhanced or synergized by a certain group of host-plant volatiles, the "green-leaf volatiles" (GLVs). Since female adults of both species call and release their sex pheromones while perched upon the leaves of their host-plants, the volatile constituents from the leaves of a number of host-plants were compared. Sex pheromone traps con… Show more
“…In contrast, in ßight-tunnel trials male European berry moth did not orient to grapes or other grape tissue whereas females did (Masante-Roca et al 2007). However, there is a growing body of evidence that male moths of a signiÞcant number of species are able to perceive and respond to host plant volatiles and in some cases, the addition of plant volatile cues with sex pheromone can result in increased capture of males (Light et al 1993, Landolt and Phillips 1997, Yang et al 2004, Schmidt-Bü sser et al 2009 but see Trimble and El-Sayed 2005). Indeed, a more recent study showed that male L. botrana oriented to their host plant volatiles (Von Arx et al 2011).…”
For some Lepidopteran pests, such as the grape berry moth Paralobesia viteana (Clemens), poor correlation between males captured in traps baited with sex pheromone and oviposition activities of female moths has called into question the value of pheromone-based monitoring for these species. As an alternative, we compared the capture of female and male grape berry moth in panel traps baited with synthetic host volatiles with captures of males in pheromone-baited wing traps over two growing seasons in two blocks of grapes in a commercial vineyard in central New York. Lures formulated in hexane to release either 7-component or 13-component host volatile blends captured signiÞcantly more male and female grape berry moth on panel traps compared with the numbers captured on panel traps with hexane-only lures. For both sexes over both years, the same or more moths were captured in panel traps along the forest edge compared with the vineyard edge early in the season but this pattern was reversed by mid-season. Male moths captured in pheromone-baited wing traps also displayed this temporal shift in location. There was a signiÞcant positive correlation between captured males and females on panel traps although not between females captured on panel traps and males captured in pheromone-baited traps for both years suggesting pheromone traps do not accurately reßect either female or male activity. Male moths captured in pheromone traps indicated a large peak early in each season corresponding to Þrst ßight followed by lower and variable numbers that did not clearly indicate second and third ßights. Panel trap data, combining males and females, indicated three distinct ßights, with some overlap between the second and third ßights. Peak numbers of moths captured on panel traps matched well with predictions of a temperature-based phenology model, especially in 2008. Although effective, panel traps baited with synthetic host lures were time consuming to deploy and maintain and captured relatively few moths making them impractical, in the current design, for commercial purposes.
“…In contrast, in ßight-tunnel trials male European berry moth did not orient to grapes or other grape tissue whereas females did (Masante-Roca et al 2007). However, there is a growing body of evidence that male moths of a signiÞcant number of species are able to perceive and respond to host plant volatiles and in some cases, the addition of plant volatile cues with sex pheromone can result in increased capture of males (Light et al 1993, Landolt and Phillips 1997, Yang et al 2004, Schmidt-Bü sser et al 2009 but see Trimble and El-Sayed 2005). Indeed, a more recent study showed that male L. botrana oriented to their host plant volatiles (Von Arx et al 2011).…”
For some Lepidopteran pests, such as the grape berry moth Paralobesia viteana (Clemens), poor correlation between males captured in traps baited with sex pheromone and oviposition activities of female moths has called into question the value of pheromone-based monitoring for these species. As an alternative, we compared the capture of female and male grape berry moth in panel traps baited with synthetic host volatiles with captures of males in pheromone-baited wing traps over two growing seasons in two blocks of grapes in a commercial vineyard in central New York. Lures formulated in hexane to release either 7-component or 13-component host volatile blends captured signiÞcantly more male and female grape berry moth on panel traps compared with the numbers captured on panel traps with hexane-only lures. For both sexes over both years, the same or more moths were captured in panel traps along the forest edge compared with the vineyard edge early in the season but this pattern was reversed by mid-season. Male moths captured in pheromone-baited wing traps also displayed this temporal shift in location. There was a signiÞcant positive correlation between captured males and females on panel traps although not between females captured on panel traps and males captured in pheromone-baited traps for both years suggesting pheromone traps do not accurately reßect either female or male activity. Male moths captured in pheromone traps indicated a large peak early in each season corresponding to Þrst ßight followed by lower and variable numbers that did not clearly indicate second and third ßights. Panel trap data, combining males and females, indicated three distinct ßights, with some overlap between the second and third ßights. Peak numbers of moths captured on panel traps matched well with predictions of a temperature-based phenology model, especially in 2008. Although effective, panel traps baited with synthetic host lures were time consuming to deploy and maintain and captured relatively few moths making them impractical, in the current design, for commercial purposes.
“…Pear ester attracts males and females and has been shown to mediate the location of food sources and oviposition sites Landolt et al, 2007;Light et al, 2001). Butyl hexanoate, a component of ripe apple headspace, attracts mated females Hern and Dorn, 2004), whereas (Z)3-hexenol enhances the attraction of males toward sex pheromone (Light et al, 1993;Yang et al, 2004). In contrast to males, the sesquiterpenes (E,E)-a-farnesene and (E)-bfarnesene elicited strong responses in female AL neurons (Tables1, 2).…”
Section: Integration Of Behaviourally Relevant Chemical Cuesmentioning
“…Host odor enhancement of attraction responses of males to pheromones was reported in several insect orders Light et al, 1993;Fang and Zhang, 2002;Deng et al, 2004). Reddy and Guerrero (2000b) reported that the mixture of (Z )-3-hexenyl acetate with synthetic sex pheromone had a synergistic effect on the capture of P. xylostella moths in the field in comparison with synthetic sex pheromone alone.…”
Males and females of the diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (L.) were investigated for electroantennogram responses to 13 volatiles from Brassicaceae in the laboratory, and showed stronger responses to benzaldehyde, phenylacetaldehyde, allyl isothiocyanate, (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol and (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate than to monoterpenic volatiles. In field trapping experiments, traps baited with the synthetic female sex pheromone of DBMϩ(Z)-3-hexenyl acetate or pheromoneϩ(Z)-3-hexen-1-ol significantly enhanced male catches in three brassicaceous crops, compared with traps baited with synthetic sex pheromone alone. Traps baited with pheromoneϩ(Z)-3-hexenyl acetate and pheromoneϩ(Z)-3-hexenyl acetateϩ(Z)-3-hexen-1-olϩallyl isothiocyanate enhanced male catches by 46.4% and 75.0%, respectively, compared with synthetic sex pheromone alone, and caught an average of 15.8Ϯ2.2 and 18.6Ϯ2.7 females/trap/day, respectively, during the whole trapping period. Results indicate that traps baited with pheromoneϩ(Z)-3-hexenyl acetateϩ(Z)-3-hexen-1-olϩallyl isothiocyanate have a stronger attraction to both male and female DBM and may provide more effective tools for monitoring and controlling this insect pest.
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