Host–microbiota maladaptation in colorectal cancer

Janney, Alina; Powrie, Fiona; Mann, Elizabeth H.

doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2729-3

Cited by 255 publications

(218 citation statements)

References 145 publications

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“…Although previous studies have determined that certain bacterial species can influence tumor progression and response to therapy 6, 7 , the mechanism(s) by which specific bacterial clusters present in CRC patients might influence tumor progression has not yet been determined. We therefore investigated the effect of the two different CAGs – Pathogen and Lachnospiraceae - on tumor development using the MC-38 orthotopic cancer mouse model 27 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The composition and functionality of the immune infiltrate of the cancer patient are relevant for disease progression, metastasis, and immunotherapy treatment 53 . Abnormal immune responses, which are often accompanied by the recruitment of pro-inflammatory myeloid cells and overproduction of inflammatory cytokines, are associated with changes in the gut microbiota 6 . Specific bacterial species (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The occurrence of genetic alterations involved in the initiation of human CRC has been suggested to be increased by a “dysbiotic” microbiota 6 . In that context, we suggest that it is relevant for CRC progression that the CAG microbiome types tested here contributed differently to the cancer hallmarks, including changes in the expression levels of genes involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition, 50, 51 , angiogenesis, and immune evasion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The gut microbiota from patients with polyps or CRC differs from that of healthy individuals 4, 5 . However, whether this “dysbiosis” contributes to disease or is a consequence of cancer is not yet clear 6 . Differences in the gut microbiota also explain why some patients with cancer benefit from new cancer immunotherapies while other patients do not 7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under certain circumstances, neutrophils and macrophages release radical oxygen species and nitrous oxide, which can potentially cause genomic damage in colonic epithelial cells 20 . The presence of specific immune cells in the tumor microenvironment, as well as the release of lymphocyte-attracting chemokines and cytokines, can be modulated by the microbiota, either directly or through their metabolites 6 . Understanding how specific microbiota taxa and their metabolites differentially modulate the host immune response has important clinical implications for CRC patients, including diagnosis, and potentially also treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fiber-associated Lachnospiraceae reduce colon tumorigenesis by modulation of the tumor-immune microenvironment

Ttt

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) harbor gut microbiomes that differ in structure and function from those of healthy individuals, suggesting this altered microbiome could contribute to tumorigenesis. Despite increasing evidence implicating the gut microbiome in CRC, the collective role of different microbial consortia in CRC carcinogenesis is unclear. We have previously described these consortia as co-abundance groups that co-exist at different abundance levels in the same patient. Here, we report that tumor biopsy tissue from patients with a 'high-risk' Pathogen-type microbiome had a different immune transcriptome and immune cell infiltrate from those with a 'low-risk' Lachnospiraceae-type microbiome. Transplantation from patients of the two fecal microbiome types into mice with an orthotopic tumor differentially affected tumor growth and the systemic anti-tumor immune response. The differences in tumor volume and immunophenotype between mice receiving the high-risk and the low-risk microbiome correlated with differences in the engrafted human microbial species and predicted microbiome-encoded metabolites in the two groups. Of twelve taxa whose abundance in recipient mice led to increased tumor onset, seven corresponded with differentially abundant taxa in a global dataset of 325 CRC patients versus 310 healthy controls. These data suggest that the enrichment for a Lachnospiraceae-type configuration of the gut microbiome may influence colon cancer progression and disease outcome by modulating the local and systemic anti-tumor immune response.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fiber-associated Lachnospiraceae reduce colon tumorigenesis by modulation of the tumor-immune microenvironment

Ttt

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Promoting longevity with less cancer: The 2022 International Conference on Aging and Cancer

Cui,

Wang,

Jiang

et al. 2023

Aging and Cancer

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Aging and cancer are increasingly becoming big challenges for public health worldwide due to increased human life expectancy. Meanwhile, aging is one of the major risk factors for cancer. In December 2019, the first International Conference on Aging and Cancer was held in Haikou, Hainan province (island), China, preluding the establishment of the International Center for Aging and Cancer (ICAC) at Hainan, an institute dedicated to the research at the intersection of aging and cancer. Since then, the ICAC has hosted the annual conference each December in Hainan. The 2022 ICAC conference, with the theme of “promoting longevity with less cancer,” invited 17 internationally renowned scientists to share their new research and insights. Topics included DNA methylation in rejuvenation, development, and cellular senescence; lifespan regulation and longevity manipulation; metabolism and aging; cellular senescence and diseases; and novel therapeutics for cancer and antiaging/anticancer drug discovery. The forum highlighted the interconnectedness of aging and senescence with cancer evolution and risk. Although there is hope for preventing diseases like cancer by modulating systems that also control lifespan, attention has to be paid to the conflicting needs and competing demands in human biology.

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Microbiota in Tumors: From Understanding to Application

Xie

Zhou

et al. 2022

Advanced Science

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Microbes with complex functions have been found to be a potential component in tumor microenvironments. Due to their low biomass and other obstacles, intratumor microbiota is poorly understood. Mucosal sites and normal adjacent tissues are important sources of intratumor microbiota, while hematogenous spread also leads to the invasion of microbes. Intratumor microbiota affects the progression of tumors through several mechanisms, such as DNA damage, activation of oncogenic pathways, induction of immunosuppression, and metabolization of drugs. Notably, in different types of tumors, the composition and abundance of intratumor microbiota are highly heterogeneous and may play different roles in the progression of tumors. Because of the concern in this field, several techniques such as omics and immunological methods have been used to study intratumor microbiota. Here, recent progress in this field is reviewed, including the potential sources of intratumor microbiota, their functions and related mechanisms, and their heterogeneity. Techniques that can be used to study intratumor microbiota are also discussed. Moreover, research is summarized into the development of strategies that can be used in antitumor treatment and prospects for possible future research in this field.

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Host–microbiota maladaptation in colorectal cancer

Cited by 255 publications

References 145 publications

Fiber-associated Lachnospiraceae reduce colon tumorigenesis by modulation of the tumor-immune microenvironment

Fiber-associated Lachnospiraceae reduce colon tumorigenesis by modulation of the tumor-immune microenvironment

Promoting longevity with less cancer: The 2022 International Conference on Aging and Cancer

Microbiota in Tumors: From Understanding to Application

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