Host-manipulation by parasites with complex life cycles: adaptive or not?

Cézilly, Frank; Thomas, Frédéric; Médoc, Vincent; Perrot‐Minnot, Marie‐Jeanne

doi:10.1016/j.pt.2010.03.009

Cited by 97 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Host manipulation by parasites is now accepted as a widespread adaptive strategy of parasites and serves as the focus of intense research efforts. Indeed, over the years, Trends in Parasitology has published several articles on this topic (e.g., [10][11][12][13][14][15]). To ensure ongoing progress, however, and to identify any weakness in how we accumulate knowledge, it may be time to take a critical look at past approaches used in this field and set the course for the next several years.…”

Section: Parasites As Puppeteersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host Manipulation by Parasites: A Look Back Before Moving Forward

Poulin

Maure

2015

Trends in Parasitology

113

106

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Section: Parasites As Puppeteersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host Manipulation by Parasites: A Look Back Before Moving Forward

Poulin

Maure

2015

Trends in Parasitology

113

106

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“…The multidimensionality of host manipulation by the parasite should be taken into account in the prospective study of candidate neuromodulatory pathways, as it is now acknowledged (Cézilly and Perrot-Minnot, 2005;Thomas et al, 2010, Cézilly andPerrotMinnot, 2010;Cézilly et al, 2013). Multidimensionality refers to the behavioural, metabolic, immune and neuropathological alterations found in many host-parasite systems where parasitic manipulation has been most thoroughly characterized (Cézilly and Perrot-Minnot, 2005; [but see Thomas et al for a restriction of this definition to phenotypic changes that are involved in transmission processes ].…”

Section: Investigating Candidate Neuromodulatory Pathways: Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating candidate neuromodulatory systems underlying parasitic manipulation: concepts, limitations and prospects

Perrot‐Minnot

Cézilly

2013

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SummaryStudies addressing the functional basis of parasitic manipulation suggest that alteration of the neuromodulatory system is a common feature of manipulated hosts. Screening of the neuromodulatory system has so far been carried out by performing ethopharmacological analysis, biochemical quantification of neurotransmitters and neuromodulators, and/or immunocytochemistry. Here, we review the advantages and limitations of such approaches through the analysis of case studies. We further address whether the analysis of candidate neuromodulatory systems fits the current view of manipulation as being multidimensional. The benefits in combining ethopharmacology with more recent molecular tools to investigate candidate neuromodulatory pathways is also emphasized. We conclude by discussing the value of a multidisciplinary study of parasitic manipulation, combining evolutionary (parasite transmission), behavioural (syndrome of manipulation) and neuroimmunological approaches.

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“…The concept of 'host manipulation' refers to the ability of some parasites to alter the phenotype of their hosts in ways that enhance their own fitness at the expense of that of infected hosts [1,2]. Numerous examples of such alterations exist, ranging from microorganisms to macroparasites [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidimensionality in host manipulation mimicked by serotonin injection

2014

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Manipulative parasites often alter the phenotype of their hosts along multiple dimensions. 'Multidimensionality' in host manipulation could consist in the simultaneous alteration of several physiological pathways independently of one another, or proceed from the disruption of some key physiological parameter, followed by a cascade of effects. We compared multidimensionality in 'host manipulation' between two closely related amphipods, Gammarus fossarum and Gammarus pulex, naturally and experimentally infected with Pomphorhynchus laevis (Acanthocephala), respectively. To that end, we calculated in each host-parasite association the effect size of the difference between infected and uninfected individuals for six different traits (activity, phototaxis, geotaxis, attraction to conspecifics, refuge use and metabolic rate). The effects sizes were highly correlated between host-parasite associations, providing evidence for a relatively constant 'infection syndrome'. Using the same methodology, we compared the extent of phenotypic alterations induced by an experimental injection of serotonin (5-HT) in uninfected G. pulex to that induced by experimental or natural infection with P. laevis. We observed a significant correlation between effect sizes across the six traits, indicating that injection with 5-HT can faithfully mimic the 'infection syndrome'. This is, to our knowledge, the first experimental evidence that multidimensionality in host manipulation can proceed, at least partly, from the disruption of some major physiological mechanism.

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Host-manipulation by parasites with complex life cycles: adaptive or not?

Cited by 97 publications

References 66 publications

Host Manipulation by Parasites: A Look Back Before Moving Forward

Host Manipulation by Parasites: A Look Back Before Moving Forward

Investigating candidate neuromodulatory systems underlying parasitic manipulation: concepts, limitations and prospects

Multidimensionality in host manipulation mimicked by serotonin injection

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