Host factors: Implications in immunopathogenesis of COVID-19

Jafarpour, Roghayeh; Pashangzadeh, Salar; Dowran, Razieh

doi:10.1016/j.prp.2021.153647

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 227 publications

(237 reference statements)

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“…It is important to acknowledge the roles of socioeconomic disparity, high rates of comorbidities, reduced access to health services, occupation and household/community/environmental characteristics in contributing to higher rates of exposure and disease severity in ethnic minorities and Indigenous populations (16-19, 23, 24). However, underlying hereditary host and immunological factors may also contribute, including HLA genotype and polymorphisms in angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), transmembrane protease serine-type 2 (TMPRSS2) and interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3) genes (reviewed in (25)(26)(27)). With the continuing threat of emerging respiratory viruses, targeted measures to boost immunity through vaccines, particularly those that activate long-lasting, cross-strain protective CD8 + T cells offer a means of protecting high risk groups, including the ~370-500 million Indigenous Peoples worldwide (28).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

T Cell Epitope Discovery in the Context of Distinct and Unique Indigenous HLA Profiles

et al. 2022

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CD8+ T cells are a pivotal part of the immune response to viruses, playing a key role in disease outcome and providing long-lasting immunity to conserved pathogen epitopes. Understanding CD8+ T cell immunity in humans is complex due to CD8+ T cell restriction by highly polymorphic Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) proteins, requiring T cell epitopes to be defined for different HLA allotypes across different ethnicities. Here we evaluate strategies that have been developed to facilitate epitope identification and study immunogenic T cell responses. We describe an immunopeptidomics approach to sequence HLA-bound peptides presented on virus-infected cells by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Using antigen presenting cell lines that stably express the HLA alleles characteristic of Indigenous Australians, this approach has been successfully used to comprehensively identify influenza-specific CD8+ T cell epitopes restricted by HLA allotypes predominant in Indigenous Australians, including HLA-A*24:02 and HLA-A*11:01. This is an essential step in ensuring high vaccine coverage and efficacy in Indigenous populations globally, known to be at high risk from influenza disease and other respiratory infections.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

T Cell Epitope Discovery in the Context of Distinct and Unique Indigenous HLA Profiles

et al. 2022

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Spotlight on contributory role of host immunogenetic profiling in SARS-CoV-2 infection: Susceptibility, severity, mortality, and vaccine effectiveness

Yazdanparast,

Bakhtiyaridovvombaygi,

Mikanik

et al. 2023

Life Sciences

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Genetic Variant rs1205 is Associated with COVID-19 Outcomes: The Strong Heart Study and Strong Heart Family Study

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Erdei

Haack

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: Although COVID-19 infection has been associated with a number of clinical and environmental risk factors, host genetic variation has also been associated with the incidence and morbidity of infection. The CRP gene codes for a critical component of the innate immune system and CRP variants have been reported associated with infectious disease and vaccination outcomes. We investigated possible associations between COVID-19 outcome and a limited number of candidate gene variants including rs1205. Methodology/Principal Findings: The Strong Heart and Strong Heart Family studies have accumulated detailed genetic, cardiovascular risk and event data in geographically dispersed American Indian communities since 1988. Chi-square tests, logistic regression and generalized linear mixed models (implemented in SOLAR) were used in analysis. Genotypic data and 91 COVID-19 adjudicated deaths or hospitalizations from 2/1/20 through 3/1/23 were identified among 3,780 participants in two subsets. Among 21 candidate variants including genes in the interferon response pathway, APOE, TMPRSS2, TLR3, the HLA complex and the ABO blood group, only rs1205, a 3' untranslated region variant in the CRP gene, showed nominally significant association in T-dominant model analyses (odds ratio 1.859, 95%CI 1.001-3.453, p=0.049) after adjustment for age, sex, center, body mass index, and a history of cardiovascular disease. Within the younger subset, association with the rs1205 T-Dom genotype was stronger, both in the same adjusted logistic model and in the SOLAR analysis also adjusting for other genetic relatedness. Conclusion: A T-dominant genotype of rs1205 in the CRP gene is associated with COVID-19 death or hospitalization, even after adjustment for relevant clinical factors and potential participant relatedness. Additional study of other populations and genetic variants of this gene are warranted.

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Host factors: Implications in immunopathogenesis of COVID-19

Cited by 5 publications

References 227 publications

T Cell Epitope Discovery in the Context of Distinct and Unique Indigenous HLA Profiles

T Cell Epitope Discovery in the Context of Distinct and Unique Indigenous HLA Profiles

Spotlight on contributory role of host immunogenetic profiling in SARS-CoV-2 infection: Susceptibility, severity, mortality, and vaccine effectiveness

Genetic Variant rs1205 is Associated with COVID-19 Outcomes: The Strong Heart Study and Strong Heart Family Study

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